The Research On Principles Of Zhengbo Defeated Duan At Yan

Zhengbo defeated Duan at Yan is the first important historical event of the Chunqiu,and a key event that opened the chaotic times of the spring and autumn period.By means of text arrangement,historical analysis and summarization,this paper not only sorts out the historical scholars' interpretation of Zhengbo defeated Duan at Yan and its process,but also summarizes the relevant principles and interpretation of the mechanism.This paper consists of four chapters:The first chapter,from zhengbo's kinship identity,scholars explored the grace of kinship.Zhengbo,as a brother,is not a good brother.Scholars not only discussed the harm of losing education,but also used the "multi-system" of the text to clarify the details of losing education with The Book of Songs.It was not until the Qing dynasty that scholars questioned the unteachable problems of Shuduan.Secondly,Zhengbo tempted Duan to sin.Under the explanatory principle of motivation theory,scholars have enriched the reasons and details of evil cultivation and expressed their indignation against using art to drive people.Subsequently,the Qing people pointed out from the perspective of reality that raising evil is not in line with the objective reality.Finally,Zhengbo exterminated Duan.Scholars proved the determination that kill his younger brother through Zhengbo's relentless pursuit of his uncle.Later,the Qing people also confirmed that Zhengbo did not kill Duan through other documents.In addition,Zhengbo,as a son of man,was unfilial to his mother.Then,the Qing people blamed Zhengbo's unfilial crimes from the hate of his mother,calling mother's surname,exile of mother,the death of the oath and impure regret heart to mother.In view of Zhengbo's unfraternal duty and unfilial duty,scholars put forward kinship way to preserve kinship favor.The way of kinship embodies the governance ideal of combining kindness and righteousness,which is derived from the Confucian worship of the doctrine of the mean.Slow pursuit of the thief can make the monarch in the situation of crisis relief,let the same family a way of life.The principle of forgive somebody for three times can temporarily remove the monarch's governing status,so as to avoid a dilemma.The second chapter,from the Zhengbo's status of the monarch and subjects,scholars explored the responsibility of the monarch and his subjects.Shuduan's rebellion and Zhengbo's disrespect for the king of Zhou reflected the Confucian thought of respecting the king.Scholars made a fierce criticism on the Gongshuduan through theories,such as "if someone betrays the king,he will be killed " and "it is unreasonable that hard on the monarch and easy on subjects ".Gudonggao took the principle of clan interests being greater than personal interests and affirmed Zhengbo's political sanctions on Shuduan.Some scholars believed that Zhengbo's crime was not in killing brother but in disrespecting Zhou.They listed the specific details of Zhengbo's disrespect for the king of Zhou and pointed out that Zhengbo's killing his younger brother without permission was the manifestation of disrespecting the king's order.In addition,Wujiang's political interference reflected the Confucian thought of following the monarch.Scholars first proved that women should not enter politics through their character defects,and then stipulated the principle of "following the monarch" by debasing their identities.Finally,they reminded the king to stop women from interfering in politics.In view of Shuduan's rebellion,scholars put forward the way of serving the king to maintain the justice of the king and his officials.First of all,the family is a prerequisite for governance,Zhengbo should first deal with the issue of kinship;Secondly,the first task of the state is to allocate land reasonably.Thirdly,the monarch should not only win the hearts and minds of the people,but also take care not to make the unjust ones win the hearts and minds of the people and give them correct guidance.Thirdly,Song people opposed Zhengbo to harm the interests of the state with his own private interests according to the argument of natural principle and selfish desires.Finally,the monarch should check erroneous ideas at the outset.The third chapter,scholars started with the Times and system to discuss the profound influence of objective conditions on historical events.By analyzing the historical background,scholars argue that Zhengbo defeated Duan at Yan is not a tragedy of individuals and families,but a tragedy of the era.In addition,scholars also confirmed that unreasonable political system was one of the reasons for the tragedy,especially the system of enfeoffment,which was closely related to the patriarchal system,would weaken the centralized power and strengthen the local power,which virtually provided the institutional advantage for brothers to seize power.In chapter 4,ancient scholars' principles interpretation of Zhengbo defeated Duan at Yan is divided into three periods.Start-up period was before the song dynasty.The transitional period was the Song dynasty and Yuan dynasty.The mature period was in the Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty.Before the Song dynasty,scholars interpreted principles about the grace of kin and the duty of the monarch and his subjects by only six words,almost covering the most important afoot explanation in later ages;In the Song and Yuan dynasties,under the influence of the atmosphere of doubting the ancient and the thought of neoconfucianism,scholars generally made subjective assumptions and sought for novelty in the interpretation of the theory.This is different from the academic tradition of textual criticism in Han and Tang dynasties.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,in order to cope with the unhealthy atmosphere of neo-confucianism in the Song and Ming dynasties,scholars highly praised the idea of practical learning,not only paying attention to practical significance,but also being more cautious in the process of argumentation.In addition,scholars also absorbed most of the research results of previous generations,new and old thoughts were collected here,gradually making the interpretation of Zhengbo defeated Duan at Yan complete and mature,which can be said to be a period of consolidation.