Cognitive Neurological Mechanism Of Cue-Induced Proactive Control:Evidence From ERP

In the past 20 years,cognitive control has become a hot area of cognitive neuroscience research.The dual mechanism of cognitive control account(DMC)divides cognitive control methods or strategies into two types: proative control and reactivitive control.There have been some studies on reactive control research that have achieved certain results.However,due to the proactive and persistence of proactive control,the understanding of the cognitive neural mechanism of active control is still very limited.In recent years,researchers have used conflict tasks to study cognitive neural mechanisms that are triggered by cue-induced proactive control.That is,before each target stimulus appears,cue information indicating the type of test is prompted(eg,consistent,inconsistent).To induce the proactive control of the participants.The results show that,in terms of behavior,whether it is for consistent trials or inconsistent trials,indicating that the type of trial clues leads to the fastest and most accurate performance.On the EEG,the index CNV amplitude,which is expected to be prepared under the clue-target interval,has the largest change under the clue rule;the N2 wave induced by the conflict task is used as an indicator of behavior control after the target,and the amplitude weakens most after the rule clue.However,the conflicting tasks selected in these studies were all 2-choosing stimuli.Subjects could infer possible responses based on clue information,and there was confusion between active control and bottom-up task transformation strategies.At the same time,this also provides research ideas for this study-by exaggerating the stimulus response set to evade the bottom-up attention-switching strategy,and thus a more in-depth study of the cognitive neural mechanism of active control.For this study,we designed two experiments and combined with event-related potentials(ERP)to explore the cognitive neural mechanisms of active control.In view of the interference of the attentional switching strategy in the existing research on the experimental results,for this study,the 6-selective color word Stroop task was used in experiment 1,for the stimulus response set was expanded.The subjects could not be introduced through clue information.The response must be focused on the relevant dimensions of the stimuli in order to respond quickly and well,and successfully avoid the effects of the attention-to-conversion strategy on the experimental results.The results show that the behavior of the participants in the inconsistent test times is shorter when the clues indicate that the participants will have conflicting test times next to the conditions of the wireless cord.In the same way,on the EEG,the classic conflict effect is shown on the SP amplitudes of the N450 and the forehead area in the parieto-occipital area.Compared with wireless cable conditions,consistent clues and inconsistent clues elicited more negative CNV volatility,indicating that under the conditions of clues the subjects had active active control before the target appeared.At the same time,the target-induced N450 was under clue conditions.The discrepancies between consistent trials and inconsistent trials decreased,suggesting that the cue-induced conflict was reduced.This shows that under the condition of clues,the subjects used active control to reduce the conflictinduced by the target stimuli.However,the result of experiment 1 is still based on the theoretical explanation of the dual cognitive control theory and experimental design and results.There is no direct and effective proof of whether the subjects actually used the active control in the clue condition.For this purpose,Experiment 2 uses the face-word Stroop task,which uses the brain-electricity index N170 of face recognition as an irrelevant dimension(the task requires the examinee to judge the gender word on the face,ignoring the gender of the face itself),and the result shows that the clues are Under the conditions,the subjects used active control.Behavioural and EEG indicators were consistent with the experimental one.In addition,the main effects of the clues on the posterior N170 were significant.Under the wireless cable condition,the face pictures induced a more negative N170 volatility.It shows that the participants induced the true proactive control under the conditions of the clue,focused their attention on the relevant dimensions of the task,and tried to control the interference of the unrelated dimension to the correct response.Finally,the conclusion is drawn: 1.Before the target stimuli appear,the clues suggesting the consistent inconsistent nature of the target stimuli are prompted,which promotes the response speed of the subjects in the consistent trials and inconsistent trials.2.In the event-related potential ERP,the predictive state between the clues and targets increases the CNV of the prepared state under the clue condition.3.In the event-related potential,the N450 component of the Stroop task as a conflict-controlled ERP index weakened after the clue.Therefore,we conclude that under the conditions of the rule clues,the active control of the participants was induced and the conflict was controlled so that the conflict induced by the target stimulus disappeared.