Research On Tibetan Local Cultural Landscape Morphology Of Mani Stone

The Tibetan Mani stone is one of the most national and representative local cultural landscape in Tibetan area,and a kind of living landscape that keeps growing and changing along with time.Its rural nature is reflected in the development of its form,which closely meets the daily needs of the local people.And its volume reflects the history,social changes,cultural sedimentation and the process in which people transform nature and conform to nature of this region.Its profound cultural connotation and aesthetic value directly reflect the relationship between local people and nature,also the relationship between human beings and gods.The landscape of Mani stone was be paid less attention to in history because that most of the Mani stones come from Tibetan folk and made or stacked spontaneously by its believers.And it was less known by outsiders for the overmuch restraints of geography,transportation and language.Compared with cultural landscapes of other nations of China,Tibetan Mani stone did not catch much attention which it is worthwhile to have.This paper is based on field investigations in earlier stage,and the primary data from a large number of fieldwork.Refer the study to relevant documents.This article give the first place to the investigation,and with documents as a supplement.It is aimed at studying and excavating the form and artistic value of Mani stone landscape in eastern Tibet through every level of true,exactness,abundance and depth.This article is mainly divided into three parts to discuss.First,Combining with the geography and history in eastern Tibet,historical causes and evolution of Mani stone from aspects of natural factors and human factors are introduced in this article.Then,It introduces in detail the morphological characteristics and functions of the elements of the landscape of Mani stone.And it analyzes distribution characteristics,functional characteristics,morphology characteristics of Mani stone in different area from the perspective of space.Besides,the Mani stone is divided into six types as stone castle,stone wall,and natural stone heap and so on.And the most representative stone heaps are listed one by one to be analyzed and explained in the perspective of location,form,construction,craft.In the end,the value of Mani stone landscape in culture,technology,art is expounded,through the summary and analysis of the route,content and achievements in twice field investigations.And concerning to a series of current problems of the Mani stone cultural landscape,such as hollowed village and urbanization,man-made disasters and natural calamities and the impact of industrialization,the principle of protection and correct way for exploitation is put forward to help.Under the background of the new era of China,the process of urbanization in various villages and towns in Tibetan areas has been noticeably accelerated.In this case,the acceleration of urbanization will inevitably bring some huge impact to the local culture of Tibetan areas.Based on the data from field investigations,the amount of Mani stone is inversely proportional to the speed of urbanization development,which means the landscape of Mani stone tends to be extinct while it is still less famous to the world.Therefore this article is expected to introduce valuable remarks and thus inspire valuable ideas for further research and development in this field.At the same time,try to arouse attention of people to the landscape of the Mani stone and to protect it.