Study On The Function Words Of The ??ra(?)gama S?tra

The ??ra(?)gama s?tra is an important classic of mahayana Buddhism.It has a broad and profound influence on the major sects of Chinese Buddhism.The ??ra(?)gama s?tra was translated by the Indian sramana Master Paramiti in the middle of the tang dynasty.Explained by Huai Di,record by Fang Rong.In the qing dynasty,ICang—skya Khutukhtu translated it into Tibetan,and published a whole collection of the ??ra(?)gama s?tra,a combination of the Chinese,manchu,Tibetan and Mongolian languages.From then on,it spread to Japan and South Korea,and was later included in the kaiyuan commentaries by Zhi Sheng,a famous Buddhist bibliographer in the tang dynasty.The preface to the ??ra(?)gama s?tra of thirteen Buddhist scriptures,edited by Lai Yonghai and annotated by Liu Luming,says: "The ??ra(?)gama s?tra is framed by the insights,practices,actions and results of meditation.Centering on the practice of eliminating all delusion and temptation,The system tells the truth of Buddhism,its system is very strict and ingenious,the truth is very profound,the content is very rich." As a result,it was selected by the Chinese Buddhist academy as one of the "thirteen Buddhist scriptures" and named the "king of the scripture" together with the Saddharmapundarika-sutra and Mah?vaipulya Buddh?vata(?)saka S?tra.As a representative of medieval Buddhist sutras,the text is mostly recorded in the form of dialogue,so it is of great oral value and has very important linguistic research value.On the one hand,the study of function words in the ??ra(?)gama s?tra will help modern people better understand the meaning of the ??ra(?)gama s?tra and explore its profound inner meaning and linguistic value.On the other hand,it is of great significance to the study of Chinese function words in the middle ages.This paper takes the function words in the ??ra(?)gama s?tra as the research object.The purpose of this paper is to make a comprehensive and in-depth description of the entire function word system in the ??ra(?)gama s?tra,and then summarize its rules and characteristics.The function word system can be divided into seven categories: pronouns,adverbs,prepositions,conjunctions,auxiliary words,modal words and interjections,which includes single-tone function words and polyphonic function words.The first part mainly introduces the content of the ??ra(?)gama s?tra and the situation of the translators,the versions and notes of the ??ra(?)gama s?tra,the research status,the reason for selecting the topic and research methods.The second part mainly uses the synchronic description and the quantity statistical method to carry on the comprehensive,the careful description to each kind of function word.First of all,function words in the ??ra(?)gama s?tra are divided into two major categories according to the number of syllables: monophonic and polyphonic.Then divide into small categories.Single-tone function words include pronouns,adverbs,prepositions,conjunctions,auxiliary words,modal words and interjections;Compound function words include pronouns,adverbs and conjunctions.On the basis of classification,the author makes statistics,analysis and description of the usage of various function words in the Buddhist scriptures.Finally,a summary is made under each type of function words to summarize the characteristics of the use of various types of function words.