| In this paper,I will explore the thought of "Xin" in the book of Zhuangzi(in the Chinese traditional culture,"Xin" is a combination of heart and mind).Why should we explore the issue of "Xin" ? Mainly based on the following two reasons: First,because there is a lot of description and discussion about "Xin" in the book "Zhuangzi",and these contents show obvious different meaning.Second,the main philosophical thought in the book of "Zhuangzi" has a close relationship with the interpretation of the "Xin".In the eyes of Chinese ancient philosophers,"Xin" is not only a physiological organ,but also the location of human emotions,desires,spirits,and thoughts.Therefore,"Xin" is a variant that contains unlimited potential.It can be degraded and becomes the source of sin;it can also rise and transcend to integrating with the "Dao" as the law of the universe in Chinese ancient thoughts.In the first chapter,I will analyze the similarities and differences between the views of Zhuangzi ’era and the understanding of "Xin" from philosophers in his previous era.Then,returning to the book "Zhuangzi",I will try to do a general sorting and classification of the description and discussion about "Xin".Combining the analytic results of these two parts,we find that Zhuangzi believes that "Xin" is often indulged in the world of reason,intellect and lust.This kind of "Xin" is the cause of human suffering,trouble and sin.In contrast,the original face of "Xin" is in the state of removing reason,intellect and lust.Therefore,in the second chapter,we mainly explore what the original meaning of "Xin" is.In the book,Zhuangzi used the "Xin" that can swim freely;the "Xin" that does not change with the other things;and the "Xin" that is as bright as a mirror.These three forms of "Xin" are all praised highly by Zhuangzi,It is also the original "Xin" of human beings.In order to return to the original state of "Xin",Zhuangzi proposed a series of methods of cultivation.Specifically,it can be divided into two parts.Some of them are similar to the spiritual cultivation method,for example: The fasting of "Xin" and the state of meditation in "forgetting".The other part is more philosophical,mainly refers to the preservation of the “virtue”that obtained from the "Dao",and the arrangement of obeying the fate.But Zhuangzi thinks that obeying the fate is completely different with "fatalism",it just shows a kind of wisdom and pragmatic attitude to life.Because Zhuangzi believes that the meaning of life is in the present,Only the "Xin" wonders freely in every moment,we can get the essence freedom. |
