The Problems In The Japanese Oral Output Of Chinese Superior-level Speakers

At present,in the research on the spoken output of Japanese learners,there are more researches for middle and senior learners,while there are relatively few studies for superior-level learners.According to the "Curriculum for Senior Stages of Japanese Majors in Higher Education"[2000](Japanese Language Group of the Foreign Language Teaching Guidance Committee of the Ministry of Education;hereinafter referred to as the "Curriculum "),Japanese Major students should reach the prescribed level of speaking when completing the undergraduate study.However,based on my own learning experience,the author has doubts about whether superior-level Japanese learners really reach this level.If they do not reach the required level,then what are the problems in their spoken output?For this purpose,the author conducted this survey.This survey studies superior-level Japanese learners as research obj ects,and uses language form,completion degree,pronunciation and fluency,awareness about listener,and expressiveness as evaluation criteria to examine the realities of spoken language and find existing problems by letting them tell stories based on the pictures.The survey results show that even the superior-level learners of Japanese maj ors still do not reach the level specified in the Syllabus,which indicates that speaking is a difficult language skill.The main problems of learner oral output include the following three points:(1)Learners tend to use vocabularies that they are familiar with in linguistic expression,and those vocabularies that they have mastered are usually very limited,so there is a tendency to express singleness and excessive use in language output;at the same time,there are more grammatical errors such as sense,voice and so on.And the problem of mixed styles is more prominent.The lack of language knowledge has a negative impact on the completion of the speech and the reflection of the awareness to make listener understand what he said,making it difficult for the listener to form a visual impression.(2)In terms of pronunciation,learners have obvious problems in the distinction between long syllables and Sokuon,etc.,as well as the processing of accents and intonations.In addition,the expression is not smooth because of many pauses during the speech,and there are unnatural problems in the use of filler.It is also because of the lack of linguistic knowledge that the storytelling has lost its vividness and it is difficult for the listener to be attracted(3)When speaking,the learner tends to form his own unique way of telling by adding content that is not in the picture and his own perception of the storyThere are four main reasons for these problems:first,speaking is a difficult language skill;second,the learner's language knowledge is insufficient;third,the learner is unfamiliar with this form of translating these pictures into stories;fourth,it may be influenced by the thinking of the mother tongue.