A Study Of Trauma In Stephen Daldry's Films From The Perspective Of Freud's Psychoanalysis

In the films directed by Stephen Daldry,trauma is a concern.Taking Stephen Daldry's four films "The Reader","The Hours","Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close" and "Billy Elliot" as research texts and applying Freud's theories of trauma,subconscious,instinct,personality structure and psychological defense mechanism,the trauma problems in Stephen Daldry's films can be revealed.The first chapter sorts out the types of trauma in Stephen Daldry's films.First of all,from the perspective of individual trauma,the types of character trauma in the movie are analyzed such as depression,fear,indifference and escape.Secondly,from the perspective of collective trauma,it explains the trauma in the special social background in the film such as the racial trauma of the surviving Jews,the war trauma of the general indifference and numbness of the German people after the Second World War and the fear and escape of the people after the9·11 incident.The second chapter studies the root causes of trauma in Stephen Daldry's films.First,the unsatisfied or irreconcilable instinct leads to trauma which includes sexual instinct and death instinct,the trauma caused by Misha's Oedipus complex and the trauma caused by Hannah's death instinct in the movie and the conflicts arising from the interaction between life and death also lead to trauma.Secondly,the contradiction among id,ego and superego leads to the trauma of characters.it is difficult to give consideration to impulsive ID,realistic ego and severe superego at the same time which is easy to make individuals have traumatic experiences under multiple contradictions.The third part tells about the trauma caused by the external environment,such as emotional loss in the family,the lasting impact of cruel war and the trauma caused by major events.The third chapter analyzes the process of trauma recovery in Stephen Daldry's films which is to find out the unconscious,rebuild the sense of security,integrate trauma memory,narrate trauma events,rebuild social relations and realize self-identity construction to heal the trauma.Through the unconscious excavation of the individual,the relationship between the individual and the society is rebuilt and the balance of id,ego and superego is realized.Thespecific analysis is carried out in combination with the image language used in the film and the characters' plot in the play and the creator's film and television expression methods are excavated.At the same time,the effective way to cure the trauma is found through the film.The last chapter explores the moral value of trauma and its recovery in the films directed by Stephen Daldry and concludes that trauma healing in the films can not only provide an outlet for the creators to express their emotions,feelings and wishes,so that people can understand and identify with it through the films,but also bring therapeutic experiences to the audience and produce spiritual healing effects.At the same time,it also explores the way out of individual life,arouses profound social thinking and obtains the resonance of the times in criticizing the contemporary civilization and caring for individual life to explore the road of spiritual salvation for the traumatized groups.