Study On Charity Of Modern Christian Church In Anhui Province

Christianity did not begin to be introduced to China after modern times.According to historical records,as early as the Tang Dynasty,Christianity began to spread in China.At that time,it was called"Nestorianism".Later,because Tang Wuzong launched a movement called"Destroy the Buddha",Nestorianism was also implicated and forced to withdraw from China.During the Yuan Dynasty,the Asia-Europe continent was unprecedentedly open,and Christianity once again came to the east.At that time,it was called"Ye Li Ke Wen Jiao".Ma Shide,from HeFei,was the first Anhui Christian to be tested.On the occasion of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the Catholic Jesuits traveled across the ocean.They were active among the court and the upper class,and actively carried out missionary activities and spread the advanced knowledge of astronomy,mathematics and calendar in the West.During the Kangxi period,due to the"controversy of ceremonies",the Qing dynasty began to ban missionary and the Catholic Church was forced to withdraw from China.In the early 19th century,Catholics began to be active in Malacca,Macao,and Guangzhou,preparing for the re-promotion of the"Gospel of God".After the Opium War,the Qing dynasty began to release the banning.The missionaries obtained the missionary rights in the trade port area.In order to expand the Christians,Christian education,medical care,and relief work were also established in the region.If the Catholic Jesuits in the Qing dynasty were going to take the upper-level missionary line,combine Catholicism with Confucian culture,and obtain the identity of the upper-level scholars by simplifying the rituals and procedures,then the Western missionaries after modern times,it is the lower-level missionary route.They use philanthropy as an aid to actively carry out missionary activities among ordinary people.Due to the influence of the Taiping Heavenly War,the missionary mission was severely hampered until the end of the war before their footsteps entered the land.The Catholic Church was earlier than the Protestant Protestant.It was first active in Ningguo,Anqing,Wuhu,and BengBu.In order to alleviate the barriers and expand the congregation,they assisted in the mission of charity activities with education,medical care and relief as the main content.,and got a good result.During the specific development of charity activities,Catholicism and Protestantism had shown distinct differences.Catholicism focused on education and relief,especially in the relief cause.The main content was to help the poor,cared for the poor and sheltered the refugees in different historical periods.And in different historical scenes,they had played a huge role,such as assisting the Red Cross to help the victims.During the fall of Anhui,Catholics used their identity as citizens of third countries to actively carry out refugees'asylum and relief work.In terms of education and health care,although the Catholic Church was involved,the overall scale was small and the level was not high.Christian Protestantism was contrary to Catholicism.Its charitable activities were mainly engaged in education and medical care,and many famous schools and hospitals had been created,such as Wuhu Cuiwen Middle School,Anqing St.Paul Middle School,Xuancheng Wannan Middle School,Anqing Tongren Hospital,and Wuhu Temple.Rocky Mountain Hospital,Hefei Christian Hospital,Huaiyuan Min Wang Hospital,etc.Protestantism valued students' learning of sports,foreign languages and modern natural and social knowledge,and actively responded to social calls to conduct civilian literacy education and skills training activities in rural areas.Its development process was relatively complete,and it had experienced four stages of initial creation,development,prosperity and decline.The school-running model had changed from the initial free school to the excellent students to reduce tuition fees and other incentive policies.In the curriculum,the religious curriculum was changed from compulsory courses.For elective courses,schools must not force students to study religious courses and participate in related religious activities.The general trend was that the tendency of secularization was increasing and the color of teaching was increasingly weakened.Due to the advanced medical equipment and the high professional standards of medical staff,the hospital's organizational structure was perfect and reasonable.It played an important role in patient treatment,disease prevention and control,and personnel training.It played an important role in modern medical and health care in Anhui.In terms of the charging system,the small clinics established by medical missionaries provide free medical treatment for the poor people.The large church hospitals generally implemented a charging system and even set up different levels of wards.Patients can choose to stay according to different charging standards,but not for the purpose of making profits,the fees collected are mainly used to pay the employees'wages and daily expenses.For patients with family difficulties,the hospital subsidized them and even exempted all expenses during the treatment.In general,the education,medical care and relief undertakings that Christianity established in modern Anhui played an important social role in the historical background of the time,such as disseminating advanced scientific and cultural knowledge,bringing advanced scientific management models and making up for other the lack of charity organizations.However,it should also be noted that these social charities had the characteristics of small organization scale and uneven development.From the time point of view,the time for the new charity started late,behind the early trading port area,and was deeply affected by the development of the current situation.After the outbreak of the comprehensive war of resistance,the hospitals and schools founded by the Protestant Christians suffered devastating effects.The strike,although recovered after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,had not been as good as before.Geographically,Christian hospitals and schools were mostly located along the Yangtze River and along the Huaihe River area,especially in Anqing and Wuhu,which concentrated on the highest quality education and medical resources at that time.Other counties and cities even had nowhere a well-established school or hospital from beginning to end.In addition,it cannot be denied that Christianity had always used mission as the starting point and foothold for all its activities,Other activities were carried out around this fundamental purpose.Even the increasingly secular Protestant schools could not force students to learn religious courses and participate in religious activities under the background of The Times.Therefore,they actively sought to transform their educational philosophy from free education to fee-based elite education,and expanded their influence through the demonstration effect of"elite education".Therefore,the philanthropy that the church had established in modern Anhui should be treated dialectically.While affirming its historical contribution,it should also see its limitations and shortcomings.