A Study On The Application Of Domestication And Foreignization In Ku Hung-Ming's English Translation Of The Discourses And Sayings Of Confucius

In recent years,Confucianism has gradually stepped out of the country,and Confucius Institutes are now increasingly being established in western countries.The introduction of The Discourses and Sayings of Confucius to foreign countries has gained its strategic significance.The translation published by Ku Hung-Ming in 1898 has attracted the interests of the author of this thesis.This thesis aims to answer three questions:(1)What are the main aspects of the domestication and foreignization in Ku's English translation?(2)How are these strategies applied at each aspect?(3)What reflection should we make for the English translation of Chinese classics under the background of "Chinese culture going out"?Through exemplifying and interpreting,this study concludes that Ku's domestication and foreignization are mainly manifested in both language and culture.In his attempt to transform the obscure classical Chinese into the language that meets the target reader's expression habits,the translation mainly adopts the strategy of domestication.At linguistic level,including the translation of words and sentences,the methods of addition,analogy,annotation are used.At cultural level,Ku also uses methods of annotation,analogy,and quotation.What's more,the author tries to analyze the application of foreignization in certain examples.Though domestication reduces the difficulties of understanding,the excessive application has led to the loss of the uniqueness of Chinese culture.Thus,the author suggests that under the background of"Chinese culture going out",the transfer from domestication to foreignization should be the major approach to spread Chinese culture to the West.