Research On China's Demobilization Work From 1950 To 1958

The demobilization work of the 1950s was the beginning of a large-scale demobilization work in New China.The introduction of the demobilization work in the new China is more to reduce the huge military expenditure in the country's fiscal expenditure,in order to cope with the financial pressure at the beginning of the founding of New China.In addition to alleviating fiscal pressure,this move also has the consideration of changing the military service system from a voluntary military service system to a compulsory military service system.However,due to the outbreak of the Korean War and the subsequent campaign of the Korean War,the response to the war has once again become a top priority for the new China.This caused the original demobilization plan to be broken and the massive demobilization work was forced to end.Subsequent small-scale demobilization was a temporary measure taken under the premise of obeying the war.At the same time,due to the development of the Korean War,the transformation of the Chinese military service system was postponed,causing the demobilization work to be out of sync with the transformation of the entire military service system.After June 1951,the Korean War entered a stalemate phase and the risk of war was relatively reduced.With the increasing financial pressure from the war and the construction of the national economy,in order to continue the war while carrying out the national economic construction,the People's Liberation Army of the People's Liberation Army carried out large-scale demobilization work under the slogan of construction and production standby in early 1952.At the end of 1952,the national economy basically recovered.In 1953,the Korean War Armistice Agreement was signed.The transformation of the Chinese military service system accelerated,and demobilization began to enter a new era.In 1955,the "People's Republic of China Military Service Law" was promulgated,and the compulsory military service system was formally established.The promulgation of this law provides a clear legal basis for demobilization.Under the compulsory military service system,demobilization is included in the entire military service system.Since then,demobilization has shaken off the uncertainty and temporary nature of the previous voluntary military service system and has become a regular and institutionalized work.At the beginning of the demobilization work,a systematic demobilization agency was established throughout the country.Headed by the Central Demobilization Committee,the military and local governments havve established corresponding demobilization agencies.During the demobilization work,due to the impact of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea,the demobilization agency was once reduced.At the end of 1951,with the Korean War entering the stalemate phase,the demobilization work was again carried out on a large scale,and the demobilization agency was re-improved,and the Demobilization Committee was reorganized into the Commission for Construction.However,the military demobilization agency has also begun to be independent of the transitional construction committee system.Between 1952 and 1954,from central to local,the leadership of demobilization agencies was steadily weakening.More and more departments,such as the Ministry of Internal Affairs,gained greater leadership in demobilization,resulting in a looser system of demobilization.This ultimately led to the abolition of the entire demobilization agency and the replacement of the entire demobilization system by other systems.From a micro perspective,the focus of local demobilization work has continued to deepen with the transition from a new-democratic social society to a socialist society,from receiving demobilized soldiers and placing demobilized soldiers to guiding demobilized soldiers.Through the implementation of local demobilization,most of the demobilized soldiers have smoothly integrated into the daily society and become active propagators and builders of socialism.However,there are still very few demobilized soldiers who have suffered setbacks in their reintegration into the daily routine.One of the important reasons for these setbacks is that there is a bias between the higher-level government and the masses,some demobilized soldiers,and even different subjects of the lower-level government.The occurrence of these deviations was determined by the social environment at the time.The resulting deficiencies in the demobilization work were difficult to overcome under the historical conditions at the time.