Study On The Loan And Investment Of American Oriental Bank Of Szechuan

American Oriental Bank of Szechuan is one of the important commercial banks in the southwestern region in modern times.It was established in Chongqing in 1922,initially as a Sino-US joint venture bank.After 1927,it was transformed into a wholly-owned Chinese enterprise,and it was suspended for rectification until 1950.It lasted 28 years,during which it experienced a complicated and tortuous course.From the perspective of changes in its business activities,it can be roughly divided into four periods,namely,the period of Sino-US joint ventures,the period of relying on local warlords,the period of wartime prosperity,and the period of post-war decline.During this period,American Oriental Bank of Szechuan experienced a difficult transition from hard entrepreneurship to flourishing prosperity,and its business activities in various periods showed different characteristics of the times.In the past,the academic community's meticulous research on the banking business was relatively weak.Based on the materials that have been mastered,this article intends to revisit this issue in order to make a breakthrough.In general,lending and investment are the most important asset business of commercial banks and also their main source of profits.The lending and investment business of American Oriental Bank of Szechuan is a very prominent part of its various businesses.It has distinctive characteristics of the times in different periods.During the Sino-US joint venture period,It's lending and investment business mainly revolved around the game between Chinese and foreign interests to develop and change,and formed the operating characteristics of “Chinese and Western integration and inclusiveness”.During the period of relying on local warlords,with the withdrawal of foreign capital,American Oriental Bank of Szechuan turned to seek the support of warlord Liu Xiang.It gains political privileges by increasing its lending and bond investment in local warlord governments,and seeks economic benefits with political privilege.Achieve the goal of "controlling politics with economics and making politics work for economics".During the period of full-scalewar of resistance against Japan,the southwestern region became the rear of the anti-Japanese war,the coastal industries moved in,and Chongqing became the political and economic center of wartime China.The economic environment of American Oriental Bank of Szechuan has changed drastically,and its lending and investment activities have also rapidly developed and reached its peak in wartime.Among them,lending and investment in the commercial sector have increased significantly,and they have continued to innovate.Banks have increasingly diversified their use of funds.During the war,American Oriental Bank of Szechuan also established a number of "Feng"-brand subsidiaries to carry out operations such as merchandise trade and real estate investment,which made them profitable and demonstrated the strategy of general commercial banks seeking survival and development under special circumstances in wartime.Through lending and investment,American Oriental Bank of Szechuan has played a supporting role in the development of industries and businesses,and has also made certain contributions to the economic development of the southwest region and the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,the general asset business of American Oriental Bank of Szechuan was once very active,but due to the immediate outbreak of the liberation war and the collapse of the KMT economy,it was also difficult to escape the fate of the business.American Oriental Bank of Szechuan established a distinctive management system and business model in its lending and investment activities in various periods and achieved rapid development of the business.The experience accumulated in the areas of institution building,business development,and cooperation with peers during this period has important implications for today's financial reforms and banking construction in China and for real economic development.It shows that general commercial banks only have a good relationship with the government,coordinate with the government's economic policies,and pay attention to the institutional reforms,business development,and innovations in business strategy,in accordance with the needs of social development and changes in their own circumstances,and strive to develop their own and with the close integration of economic hot spots,it is possible to find the driving force for survival and development in a difficult environment.