Researches On Criticism Of The Novels Of The Ming Dynasty In Catalogue Of Si Ku Quan Shu

In Zi radical(Philosophy)of the Catalogue of Si Ku Quan Shu(short as "Catalogue"),the synopsis of “novelist class”and the “reserved catalogue” has many contents that relate to novel criticism.In other words,they manifest the basic views and attitudes of the secretaries of institute of Siku who represent the mainstream of Qing dynasty on novel styles.With the detailed analysis of synopsis of the “novelist class”and the “reserved catalogue” of Catalogue,we find that the novels of Ming Dynasty are criticized severely in the history of novels outlined in Catalogue.In fact,the criticism of Ming novels in Catalogue is not consistent with the status that presents in the history of literature,which means that there is a bias in the Catalogue`s criticism.The historical context of the Ming Dynasty,namely,the “Pre-Ming”,the political stands of “official compiling” and the prejudices of the secretaries of institute of Siku are important factors which causes the biased criticism.In addition,the cultural differences between the Ming and Qing dynasties also do harm to the authority`s academic impartiality in the Qing Dynasty to some extent.Through the targeted clarify on synopsis of the “novelist class”and the “reserved catalogue” and research into the forming process of novel criticism of the Ming dynasty in Catalogue,people could re-examine the unjustifiable novel concept of the Ming dynasty which was under the authorized consciousness.The Ming`s concept of novels not only could serve as an important supplement to the whole literary criticism system of the Catalogue,but also could reflect the complex academic relationships between the Qing Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty.The paper is discussed from the following chapters:In chapter one,the paper researches the style views on novel and the novel development views reflected in the Catalogue holistically through the textual analysis of Ming`s novel criticism,and analyzes the reasons at the same time.The concepts of novel styles reflected in Catalogue is only confined to the form of literary sketches,whose regulation is extremely strict.In the development views outlined in Catalogue,the novels written in Ming Dynasty have a very low status,which is much lower than the novels of the Tang and Song Dynasties.However,the formation of these ideas is related to the textological ethos in Qing dynasty,the behaviors of governor'sregulation and reinvention on literature and the conservative orthodox literary concepts of the secretaries of institute of Siku.In chapter two,the paper analyzes the Ming`s novel criticism presented in Catalogue specifically from all aspects by combing the criticism of synopsis of the Ming`s novels.With derogatory attitude,the secretaries of institute of Siku criticizes the Ming`s novels in all directions,including forms,contents and ideas.And many critical strategies are included,such as the comparing of diachrony and synchrony,the fostering of disadvantages and ignoring of advantages and the forcing to crimes.Last but not least,they also criticizes the social morality of Ming dynasty and the publications of Ming.In chapter three,the author makes a textual research on the relevant works and explores the documentary basics that the secretaries of institute of Siku have criticized on,which combines the literature and criticism together.The paper analyzes in two aspects,namely,the fallacy of synopsis itself and the fallacy of quoting literature.The former reflects their dismissive critical attitude of novels.And the latter reflects that the authoritative behaviors of the secretaries of institute of Siku have hampered the accuracy and objectivity on novel criticism to a certain extent.In chapter four,the paper makes a further analysis and summary on the their modification of literature.And finds that the treatment that the secretaries of institute of Siku have made is a contest between the spirit of practical philosophy and the restriction of authority revealed in Catalogue.It is the result that the spirit of practical philosophy submits to the restriction of authority.With the rethinking of Ming`s novel criticism in Catalogue,people could find that the traditional concepts of the the secretaries of institute of Siku have constrained the historical value of novel,and the new direction of further research can base on this cognition.