The Effect Of Internet Game Addiction On Inhibitory Control And Neural Mechanism

Internet gaming disorder refer to uncontrollable gaming behavior without addictive substance,and lead a series mental and physical problem such as impulsive increase and inhibitory control ability deficit.The online gaming become primary activity of Internet gaming addicts cause the salience of addiction,and maintain the craving towards gaming while they away form Internet game.According to adopt different prepotent response in Go/Nogo task and combine the brain imaging technology,present research aimed at find the affect of brain function,morphology,connectivity with internet gaming disorder.The first study screening 26 college students according to a modified LoL gaming addiction scale,and record the behavior and brain performance during the specific Go/Nogo task.Result showed that the correct rate of response during game related stimuli prepotent trials(trial 1)has been decreased compared to neutral stimuli prepotent trials(trail 2)(t(25)=-2.305,p=0.03).The fMRI result showed that a significant activation in left insula posterior,occipital cortex and supramarginal gyrus while compared Nogo and Go reaction during trail 1;a significant activation in lateral anterior dorsal insula,inferior frontal gyrus,posterior cingulate cortex and occipital cortex has been found during trail 2.We used a relative analysis to find the association between addiction level and the activation of specific brain region among different conditions.Taking all the gaming related stimuli as the analyze object,we found the activation level differentiate between Go and Nogo reaction showed a negative correlate with addiction score in the region of left dorsal anterior insula/orbital frontal cortex and parietal cortex(r=-0.577,p=0.002;r=-0.642,p=0.0001).And taking all the neutral stimuli as the analyze object,we found the activation level differentiate between Go and Nogo reaction showed a positive correlate with addiction score in the region of right dorsal anterior insula(r=0.595,p=0.001),and taking all the Nogo response picture as analyze object we found that activation level differentiate between gaming related and neutral picture showed a negative correlate with addiction score in the region of left parietal cortex,left dorsal anterior insula(r=-0.664,P=0.0001;r=-0.658,p=0.0001).The second study enroll 52 college students,and 26 internet gaming addicts 26 controls.We used the voxel based morphology(VBM)and tract based spatial statistic(TBSS)to find the difference of white matter and gray matter between addicts and controls.Result showed that the volume of striatum/amygdala,thalamus and cerebellum of Internet gaming addicts showed significant decreased compared to controls,and the integrity of right internal capsule forelimb,right superior longitudinal fasciculus and corpus callosum of Internet gaming addicts showed significant decreased compared to controls.ROI analyze select the brain region from first study,and we found no difference between addiction group and control group among these area.The third study is aimed at find the difference between addiction group and control group about resting state functional connectivity.We use the roi and subjects from study 2 and the result showed that compared to addiction group,the functional connectivity density of controls in posterior cingulate cortex and right inferior frontal gyrus,left insula/orbital frontal cortex and superior frontal cortex,left insula/orbital frontal cortex and right dorsal anterior insula cortex,left insula posterior and right anterior insula cortex,striatum/amygdala and right anterior insula,striatum/amygdala and striatum/amygdala and right inferior frontal gyrus are strengthen compared to addiction group.The functional connectivity density of addicts in left insula/orbital frontal cortex and right occipital cortex,left insula posterior and right occipital cortex in addiction group are strengthen than control group.Extract the signal and compute the connectivity density between brain regions,we found that the connectivity density of controls in posterior cingulate cortex and right inferior frontal gyrus,left dorsal anterior insula and right anterior insula,left insula posterior and right dorsal anterior insula,striatum/amygdala and right inferior frontal gyrus,striatum/amygdala and right insula are 0.002±0.002,0.014±0.004,0.015±0.003,0.005±0.005,0.007±0.005,the connectivity density of above brain region in addiction group are-0.002±0.003,0.008±0.003,0.009±0.003,-0.004±0.005,-0.002±0.005.We found no correlation relationship between addiction level and above functional connectivity density.From above result,we found that:(1)while sailence stimuli present as prepotent response and inhibitory response respectively,it would lead to different inhibitory control performance in Go/Nogo task,it would occur much more errors and cognitive conflict while game related stimuli present as inhibitory response and the anterior insula,posterior cingulate cortex which related to behavior transformation and conflict processing would be activated during this time.And(2)this consequence could be conclude as the interfere of brain network which caused by the different presentation of sailence stimuli and the impairment of inhibitory system which caused by internet gaming addiction.These result suggest that it could be useful about develop new behavior habitats to replace internet gaming,and weaken the affect which caused by internet gaming behavior.