On Philosophical Basis Of Substructural Logic

In 1990,Kosta Do(?)en first put forward “substructural logic”,whose characteristic is that the logic system can be analyzed and studied from two aspects of structural rules and rules of connective.The method that logical reasoning is studied by the means of structural rules,can be traced back to sequent calculus which is proposed by Gentzen in the 1930 s.Substructural logic focuses on the behavior of the structural rules.Based on the research of all kinds of structural rules,a large class of logic can be handled as a whole,thus providing a powerful tool for the comparative study of many branches of modern logic.The study of substructural logic has a history of decades abroad,but it is still in the ascendant in China.In this paper,the topic is introduced from both a historrical and a philosophical perspective.By the comparative analysis of Hilbert-style axiom system,Gentzen’s natural deduction and sequent calculus,the ideological origin and development motivation of substructural logic are traced.And then,I expound the basic theory of modern substructural logic to show its improvement on Gentzen’s sequent calculus.And on this basis I give various reasons for dropping some structural rules,thus showing some features of different branches of substructural logic and the philosophical considerations behind them--since classical logic is too restricted to depict certain sepical reasoning,which is often manifested in the rejection of one or some structural rules.Finally,the basic concepts of “sequent”,“rule of connectives” and“structural rules” are identified.By the study of relevant philosophical debate such as the problem of “tonk”,the development of proof-theoretic semantic,and the role of structural rules in argument,I discuss the possibility of the diversification of logical consequence,and try to give a analysis of the nature of logic from the level of structural rules--if basic formal deductions are structural deductions,structural rules embody the characteristics of deduction from a higher level,compared with logical constants such as connective.