The Inclusion Of The Other:Research On The Ethics Of Liberation Of Enrique Dussel

The ethics of liberation begins with the other."The other" in the views of Dussel mainly includes:the women under the patriarchy system,the children and youth in the education of cultural monopolies,and the people who are highly exploited and oppressed,especially the poor,but it can not be regarded as an individual or a social class;it includes third-world countries which are marginalized and dependent on the first world to survive;it also includes nations which are excluded due to language,race,religion,etc.,such as Indians,African slaves and so on.The so-called "the inclusion of the other",in short,is "let the other become the other".Only by letting the other become the other,history can become history,and liberation is possible.Therefore,this paper takes Enrique Dussel as the center to tell the story of the other.This is not only because he was the chief founder of the Latin American philosophy of liberation in the twentieth century,and the famous Latin American Marxist philosopher.But also because he was probably the first to discover the theme of"poor",he deepened the theology of liberation on the theme of "ethics",and he opened up theological and ethical reflection of the third world.Moreover,he also paid attention to political issues,he criticized the existing capitalism from the perspective of morality,and guided the establishment of a utopia which will stop the destruction of people’s lives through his moral views of liberation.This article accordingly divides the ethical thought of liberation of Dussel into three periods:The first part mainly examines Dussel deepened the theology of liberation on the theme of "ethics".In addition to the influence of Levinas and Marxism,this idea originated from his inheritance and innovation of the ethics of original Christianity.He believed it was necessary to review and reflect on the history of the early church in the construction of Christian theology,so that we could face up to the poor as "the other" and realized the belief significance of " the people",we also could regard "the poor" as the subject of the kingdom of God.In other words,the ethics of liberation of Dussel was a requirement imposed on the responsibility of the poor,in order to rethink the whole moral problems and make" the utopia" to become the standard of constant judgment.The second part focuses on the analysis of the middle of the ethics of liberation of Dussel,which continued the study of Latin American culture history in the sixties and seventies of the last century,but now had been expanded to Eurocentrism globally.He creatively linked history with European modernity by using cultural factor analysis method so that he could examine world history with a global perspective.He also reconstructed the concept of "modernity" from this global perspective,and then he had profound reflection of the world system and modernity starting from the origin,development and the current crisis of modernity.Thus,in the process of globalization,the ethics of liberation was not just for the third world,but for the entire planet.In such an era,it was difficult to discuss the real liberation of Latin America if without the liberation of universal significance.Therefore,Dussel tried to defeat the world system itself what more than 500 years,liberated the margin of being negated from the very beginning of modernity,and established a utopia of the poor from the edge.The third part discusses Dussel concerned about political issues recently.This was actually a continuation of the ethical discourse of the early and middle,because the ethical writings of the early and middle included the discussions of political issues.The focus of this section is that confronting the destruction of people’s lives and they painstakingly pursued the way of the future,Dussel renewed Utopian thought which seemed to have been devalued and negated by history,he also guided to overcome global capitalism in various fields with the moral views of liberation.He firmly believed that politically speaking "yes" to the other is the absolute criterion of political ethics.He hoped to affirm and respect the poor,the oppressed class and the dependent nations through political actions.And this hope for the future was related to the liberation or destruction of the entire border world.Through the above division,this paper not only systematically combs Dussel’s the whole ethical system of liberation,but also clearly reveals the relationship between the ethics of liberation and theology of liberation,philosophy of liberation and politics of liberation.In addition,this paper effectively clarifies the relationship between Dussel and other Latin American thinkers,as well as Levinas,Appel,and Habermas et al.It also roughly sums up the profound influence of the ethics of original Christianity,Marxism and Latin American liberation thought on him.And a series of problems brought about by globalization,Eurocentrism and modernity,have made more reasonable explanations and provided more reasonable solutions.What’s more,through the fair and pluralistic dialogues advocated by Dussel,we can liberate the people in the border world and move toward peace with the other.