| Understanding others' action intentions correctly is prerequisite for social interaction.Howerer,individuals with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)are obviously impaired in social interaction,which may be defective in understanding others' action intentions.Comparing with typical developmental(TD)children,we can understand ASD children's understanding ability of body action intentions,so two studies were designed accordingly.Study 1,two experiments were conducted to investigate the abilities of understanding of private intention and communicative intention in ASD children.Experiment 1,72 TD children were selected to view video materials under the condition of private intention and communicative intention.And experiment 1 required participants to make keystroke choices under forced choice paradigm.The results showed that TD Children were able to understand private intention and communicative intention.However,children aged 3 to 4 years had poorer intention comprehension ability.There is a significant improvement at the age of 5 to 6 years.Children of 5 to 6 years have the same ability to understand private intention and communicative intention as children of 7 to 8 years.Experiment 2,based on the results of experiment 1,16 ASD children and 16 TD children aged 5 to 6 years were selected.Dynamic video materials under the condition of private intention and communicative intention were presented to two groups of children.And experiment 2 asked subjects were to make an oral answer under the forced selection paradigm and collected their eye tracking data during the experiment at the same time.The results showed that(1)There is significant difference between two groups' processing modes,ASD children process private intention and communicative intention longer than TD children.(2)Attention to detail of ASD children is significantly negatively correlated with the ability to understand communicative intention,while social skills are significantly positively correlated with the ability to understand communicative intention.Study 2,two experiments were conducted to investigate the abilities of understanding of friendly intention and hostile intention in ASD children.Experiment 3,72 TD children were selected to view video materials under the condition of friendly intention and hostile intention.And experiment 3 required participants to make keystroke choices under forced choice paradigm.The results showed that TD Children were able to understand friendly intention and hostile intention.However,children aged 3 to 4 years had poorer intention comprehension ability.There is a significant improvement at the age of 5 to 6 years.Children of 5 to 6 years have the same ability to understand friendly intention and hostile intention as children of 7 to 8 years.Experiment 4,based on the results of experiment 3,16 ASD children and 16 TD children aged 5 to 6 years were selected.Dynamic video materials under the condition of friendly intention and hostile intention were presented to two groups of children.And experiment 4 asked subjects were to make an oral answer under the forced selection paradigm and collected their eye tracking data during the experiment at the same time.The results showed that(1)ASD children took longer time to detect anticipatory communicative results and took shorter time to process anticipatory communicative results in understanding hostile intention compared with TD children.(2)The average pupil diameter of ASD children is significantly smaller than that of TD children under friendly and hostile intention.In conclusion,the ability of intention understanding of children with typical development aged 3 to 8 years showed the age developmental effect.ASD children have defects in understanding action intentions.They need to keep looking back and forth between the two characters.Besides,they could not detect anticipatory communicative result areas in time and gaze less towards anticipatory communicative result areas. |
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