A Study On The Tombs Of Song And Yuan Dynasty In Fujian Province

Grave is an important part of the culture of funeral,which reflects the social atmosphere,building level and social system of this period,and embodies the spiritual essence of people.A wealth of song and yuan tomb remains were discovered in Fujian province in recent years,its unique forms and burial objects directly embodies the tombs of the area during the song and yuan period and funeral customs,and from the side reflects the people' s living standard and spiritual beliefs.In addition,the area culture of Fujian has distinct regional features compared with neighboring area such as Guangdong,Zhejiang and Jiangxi,so it is of great significance to study the song and yuan tombs in fujian.According to the existing archaeological materials,burial remains,historical documents and previous research results,the song dynasty tombs in accordance with the shape of fujian area can be divided into stone chamber tomb,brick chamber tomb,brick mixed stone chamber tomb,pit tomb,the tomb of the cremation,such as five types,each type can uniform several subtypes according to the number of rooms,plane shape,internal structure.In a tomb dating shape as the yardstick,combining with the composition of burial objects,the song dynasty tomb in Fujian area is divided into four period,the first period of the northern song period,the emperor Song Zhenzong and the other is Songqinzong dynasty(A.D.998-1126);The second stage was in the early period of the southern song dynasty,namely Song Gaozong to Song Guangzong(1127-1194).The third period was in the middle and late period of the southern song dynasty,namely Song Ningzong to the song dynasty(1195-1278).Fourth period for yuan period,namely HuiZong back to yuan dynasty(1279-1370),analysis of structure and buried with periods of tombs,carding and evolution in song dynasty tomb of fujian,is gradually developed from single buried for couples buried together accounted for the mainstream,buried time and shoushan stone of fuzhou region of shoushan stone figurines in mining time is consistent,the industrial diversification tank number and are in decline of the modelling of the situation.Song and yuan dynasty are at the stage of social change,funeral culture has got secular and utility and that its very obvious,this question mainly shows in three areas,first of all,the integrity of art,is the world of family and offspring prosperity demands required;Secondly,the popular couple buried the grave,which is a way to strengthen the family' s emotional connection;In the end,the decoration and burial products of the tomb imitated the real life,reflecting the thought of "pay much attention to dead as to live",which is a true portrayal of the city culture.It is a problem to be solved in this article to highlight the regional characteristics of the folk burial In song and yuan tombs in fujian province.From the perspective of the region,the terra-cotta warriors in the song and yuan dynasties were mainly in fuzhou and the surrounding areas of minqing and minhou,and the terracotta figures were found in the yuxi area of minzhong.The polygonal can is found in northern fujian;Cremation tombs are popular along the coast.Compared with other areas,song dynasty promoted the region structures pop cans,heap SuPing barn and its shape is a rare elsewhere in the south,the region's unique murals content is four spirit and the image of Chinese zodiac,with local characteristics.The song and yuan tombs in this region are related to the "great difference and small fusion" in the same period of the northern period,and there are many links between the tombs of the neighboring jiangxi and zhejiang provinces.