On The Basis Of Marx’s Theory Of Human’s Free And All-Round Development

The main idea of this thesis as follow.Firstly,in the framework of Marxist philosophy,human and human’s subjectivity were studied in the perspective of practice and transcendence;then we have a contradiction between human’s transcendental subjectivity and Human’s practical subjectivity;at last,we come to a conclusion that it is on the basis of this contradiction that Marx proposed his theory of human’s free and all-round development.Chapter 1 focus on Marx’s statements of human and human’s subjectivity on the ground of practice.Practice’s content lie in its relation with “category” and its form lie in its relation with time and space,these three dimensions are united in practice’s objective production.So practice is not only the confirmation of human’s essential power,but also the confirmation of human’s relation with space-time.But human individuals cannot have interaction with nature unless he have interaction with social,which means a particular practice is just a particular group of social relation’s objective activity.These social relations are called “social organ”.So social organ is the real subject of social practice,this subject is HUMAN but not any human individual.This practical subjectivity is a self-openness in space-time,which manifests as dimensionalizing of the cosmos and transcendentality of self.Social practice’s form determines HUMAN’s freedom and dignity,and content essence.But if human individuals don’t have any subjectivity,how social organ that consist of individuals could be practical subject? Since individuals are not practical subject but they indeed have subjectivity in a sense,then this subjectivity can only be defined by a meaning of transcendence.Individuals and its subjectivity are studied in the perspective of transcendence in chapter 2.Human’s every behavior or activity is belong to social and historical practice,but the epiphany of self-openness in consciousness cannot be grasped by practice itself.Given practice as self-openness in space-time,the meaning of self-openness in consciousness is called “transcendental”.As a transcendental subject,human individual has epiphany of self-openness in consciousness,which manifests as dimensionalizing and transcendentality of self in consciousness,and this epiphany is also set as three dimensions by the reflection of consciousness: individual’s transcendental freedom;basic dignity;Gattungswesen.Now we have a contradiction of human’s duality: when human individual’s transcendental subjectivity put into practice,it would be something independent of human,on the contrary.Then this contradiction of human’s duality will be studied to reveal on the ground of which how could Marx put forward the problem of human’s alienation and free and all-round development.Chapter 3 focus on the concrete expansion of this thesis’ s foothold.Marx considered the contradiction of human’s duality as alienation.HUMAN’s indivisible content and form are partitioned by different individuals,which means individual’s production turned to be the real subject,a power of individual’s master.The other side of human’s historical circumstances lies in the indivisibility of real subject’s content and form,if there is any subjectivity and historicality manifested,even though in an alien way,by human’s individual’s social interaction,then this subjectivity’s all Gegebenheit and feasibility would come true,unless we don’t have a history.Human’s practical and historical existence confirmed individual’s alienation and its Aufheben,human’s free and all-round development.Human’s free and all-round development means human’s social relations to be his self-relations,individuals to be real subject,to be HUMAN,and the realization process of subject’s content to be the realization of its form,which means labor is enjoyment,Aufheben is exteriorization.The development of social productivity is the foothold of this realization process.With the development of social productivity,human would inevitably pass into the phase of real subject and HUMAN from the dependency phase of the object,as human has historically passed into stage of person’s autocephaly development in the dependent foundation from the dependency phase of human self.