Fichte's View Of The State And Marx's Surpassing It

The national view is an important part of fichte's political philosophy.Fichte builds his national view based on knowledge,he not only discussed the origin of the country,but also analyzed the relationship between the state and the civil society,and first distinction between the state and the civil society,pointed out the basic role of civil society to the state.Not only that,Fichte's national view also contains the ideological and socialist ideology of the state,which was once regarded as "Germany's first socialist".Fichte's national outlook reflects the direction of the 19 th century Europe's social development,adapt to the needs of the Germany against the feudal autocratic rule,and provides beneficial reference for the formation of Marx's thoughts of state.Therefore,systematically analyzing and grooming Fichte's national view,and on this basis explore its relationship with Marx national outlook,not only benefit our comprehensive and accurate understanding and the evaluation of Fichte's philosophy,but also helpful for us to clarify the ideological relationship between Fichte and Marx.The full text consists of four interrelated parts,the first part introduces the research significance of this thesis,the research status of this thesis at home and abroad,and the research methods,innovations and shortcomings of this thesis.The second part discusses the historical background and ideological origin of the formation of Fichte's national concept.Think the political and economic reality of Germany and the influence of the French revolution constituted the time background of the formation of Fichte's national concept,And Plato's "ideal state" thought,modern social contract theory and Kant's theory of freedom provide the theoretical source for the formation of Fichte's national concept.The third part from the text,Combing and expounding the main content of Fichte's national view,including the origin of the country,the relationship between state and civil society,national planned economy mode,the construction of the rational kingdom and the country's self sublation etc.The fourth part of the thesis analyzes the ideological relationship between Fichte's national view and Marx's nationalview,both the analysis of the influence of Fichte's national view of Marx,and Marx's transcendence of Fichte's view of the country.On the one hand,Fichte's thoughts on the origin of the country,the thought of the relationship between the country and the civil society,the socialist ideology in the country's view,and the idea of the country's selfabnegation have exerted an important influence on Marx.On the other hand,on the basis of historical materialism,Marx also made a new generalization of the origin of the country,the relationship between the country and the civil society,the demise of the country,and so on,thus fundamentally surpassing Fichte.