Study On Governance And Civilization Of Guangdong Provincial Government Of The Republic Of China To Lian Yang's Yao Zu (1927-1949)

Modernization is the theme of China's history for centuries,but also the strategic objectives of development of contemporary China.Since 1840 Opium War,from the eastern coastal areas of China,the mainland and Border Ethnic edge backward areas,order to carry out the early modern history.However,early modern development in minority areas of the internal frontier is not smooth,the development dilemma,reflects the characteristics of nationality,complexity,borderline.For this situation,The developmental dilemma of early modernization,theGuangdong provincial government of the Republic of China to Lian Yang's Yao Zu,is a representative and worth our study.In 1926 Guangdong Provincial Government accepted the Sun Yat-sen "foster weak nations" policy,then the government established Lianyang civilizing Bureau for Yao Minority in northern of Guangdong,which ended the ancient fedual rule's negative national policies "without king's governance" for Lianyang Yao Minority.Then they implemented a positive and civilized national policies,to make sure Yao can eventually exercise the civil rights with the Han people and reaching the constitutional era that of the people,by the people,for the people.Therefore,Guangdong Provincial Government built a governance and civilizing system for Yao minority.Management of County is the center,the government integrated Yao minority's area and society into a unified national government district.From 1926 to 1946,Guangdong Provincial Government worked hard to integrate the "Mainland edge" Yao district to the country's unified national autonomous management system,but as that time's unrest and interference from local forces,the civil institutions of governance in Lianyang Yao Minority has changed from a even quasi-political zones Lianyang civilizing Bureau for Yao Minority to a Administration for Security and Civilization.Until the victory of the war of resistance against Japan,with the joint efforts of the Ministry of the Interior and the Guangdong provincial Civil Affairs Department,Liannan County was establised in Lianyang Yao Minority district,which not only made Lianyang Yao Minority District regime construction and governance on track,but also laid the County's political,economic and cultural patterns for today.The social order's reconstruction in Yao area.In Republic of China time,Han people poured into Yao district which promoted social progress in Yao district,while the identity complexity of Han people caused great changes to Yao Han district society,and that made the Government's previous pattern ethnic segregation and indirect governance becoming no longer adapt to Yao District's social complexity and ethnic diversity status quo.To meet the need for diversification of the ethnic Yao District,Guangdong Provincial Government transformed Yao Minority District's grassroots governance system.The government abolished the Yao elders and Yao elders' deputy system and established the Bao-Jia system,what's more,initially construct the "ethnic decentralization" social governance system,actively solicit Yao's elite and Han people' businessman,and strengthen the control of Yao zone's grassroots.At the same time in order to deal "Yao scoundrel" who caused serious social disorder,the conflicts between Yao people's customary law and national law,and conflects between Han people who have vested interests in Yao District and government policy throughout the process.Thus Guangdong provincial government had a multi-field contests in "law" and "power" with them.The civilized policy of people's livelihood in Yao district,is a key element of social integration and reconstruction of Yao District.The civilized policy Which is issued by Guangdong provincial government is not a kind of merely assimilate policy,this policy seems not active in the pursuance of great social change,it takes the government-led party as dominant department,it trains Yao people to achieve autonomy,imparts modern knowledge and skills,permits them to enjoy modern civiliz ation achievements.In this case,the Guangdong provincial Government has been developing the education,agriculture,health and other undertakings,although it doesn't completely change the Yao people's poorness and backwardness,but to a certain degree,the Yao people's live condition has get improved.In sun up,the national government during the Guangdong Provincial governed and civilized Lian�Yang's Yao Zu policy,which reflecting the progress of the national outlook,gradual and significant features of national civilized policy,the County as the center of local autonomy,poor implementation of Ethnic Policy.At the same time,combined with today's basic situation of Liannan Autonomous Country of Yao Nationality,according to the serious analysis and summary,will give administration later work to play for,the vengeance of practical utility.