Impact Of FAT1 Protein Expression In Different Breast Lesions And Explore The Role Of FAT1 In Breast Cancer Development

Background: Breast Cancer(BC)is the most common cancer in women,and the second most cancer worldwide.Ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)is a pre-invasive stage in the development of invasive breast carcinoma,presenting a clinical problem,with a high risk of potential progressive disease.In addition,the process in which lies the progression from DCIS to invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC)is still not fully elucidated,and remains quite unclear.The study of biological molecular alterations that occur during the transition process into invasion remain of a great interest,in order to find more biomarkers with clinical utility.Among the various molecular factors,FAT1 protein is one of the involved biomarkers in several cancers,and functions as a tumor suppressor.Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the expression level of FAT1 protein in breast lesions,and explore the role of FAT1 in breast cancer development.Methods: 45 patients were enrolled into this study,include 10 patients with benign breast lesions as a negative control group,5 patients with DCIS,5 patients with IDC and 25 patients with IDC-DCIS.We use immunochemistry(IHC)technique to assess the expression level of FAT1 protein in different breast disease.SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze the relationships between breast cancer-related parameters demographics and the expression of FAT1 in breast cancer tissues.Results: There was no significant difference between benign breast and DCIS P=0.202.We have observed a decrease level of FAT1 expression in IDC,we found a significant difference between benign breast and IDC P=0.015.We also found a significant difference between DCIS and IDC P=0.009.A Significant difference correlation was found IDC-DCIS group between IDC components and DCIS components P=0.008.Conclusions: our results revealed FAT1 Protein highly expressed in benign tissue and DCIS;we found low expression of FAT1 protein in IDC;In IDC-DCIS tissue,we found high expression of FAT1 protein in DCIS component and low expression of FAT1 protein in IDC component.The process from DCIS into IDC may be related to the loss of FAT1 protein,therefore FAT1 might be a useful marker for the prognosis of breast cancer.