Effects Of Black Soybean Coats Based Anthocyanins On Aging And Alzheimer's Disease Of C.elegans

Black soybeans,which are traditional crops in China,have medicinal and edible value.In addition to various active substances,black soybeans are rich in anthocyanins,especially black soybean coats.In the early stage of the laboratory,black soybean coats based anthocyanins(BSCA)were successfully prepared and their biological activities were studied.It was found that BSCA has strong antioxidant and antitumor activities.Studies have shown that BSCA has other biological activities such as anti-inflammatory,lowering blood lipids,preventing radiation,and anti-aging.Aging is an inevitable life course,but delaying the aging rate can be achieved.In this study,we explore the effects of BSCA on aging and the aging-related disease Alzheimer's disease(AD)with the classic model organism Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans).1.Identification of BSCA components and their effects on physiological indicators of wild-type N2 C.elegans.HPLC analysis showed the main components of BSCA were cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(C3G),delphinidin-3-O-glucoside(D3G),petunia-3-O-Glucoside(Pt3G),petunia.BSCA can enhance the lifespan of N2 C.elegans,improve the ability of old nematodes to move,and reduce the intestinal lipofuscin accumulation of C.elegans,but it has no effect on physiological indicators such as reproductive capacity and pharyngeal pumping rate.2.The mechanism of BSCA enhances the lifespan of wild-type N2 C.elegans.Using stress(oxidative stress,thermal stress)resistance,fluorescent probes,and antioxidant enzyme activity detection kits to explore the mechanism of BSCA to regulate lifespan.The results showed that BSCA enhanced the stress resistance in nematodes,reduceed the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the body,and increased antioxidant enzyme activity.The assays of BSCA on nematode mutant strains life and q RT-PCR methods showed that BSCA did not prolong the lifespan of daf-2 and daf-16 mutants,indicating that BSCA-mediated life extension depends on daf-2 and daf-16,that is,depends IIS pathway.The q RT-PCR results showed that BSCA down-regulated the expression of daf-2,age-1,and akt-1 genes,and up-regulated the expression of daf-16 and its target gene sod-3.It had no effect on skn-1 and the target genes gcs-1 and gst-4,Indicating that BSCA down-regulates the IIS pathway and activates daf-16 transcription factor activity.3.The effect of BSCA on AD and its mechanism.AD is a neurodegenerative disease closely related to aging,and its pathogenesis is not very clear,but A?-induced cytotoxicity is generally considered to be the main cause of AD.Studies have shown that anti-aging drugs can prevent aging-related diseases.In this study,the AD model CL4176 nematodes expressing human A?1-42 were used as an object to explore drugs to protect AD.Using CL4176 nematodes lifespan,paralysis,ROS levels,and thioflavin staining,the results showd that BSCA can enhance CL4176 nematodes lifespan,increase movement ability of nematodes,delay paralysis,increase antioxidant enzyme activity in the nematodes,and clear ROS in the body.Thioflavin staining showed that A? aggregation in the head of nematodes was significantly reduced in the BSCA-treated group.q RT-PCR results showed that BSCA's protective effect on AD depends on the DAF-16 transcription factor.In conclusion,BSCA can prolong the lifespan of C.elegans,enhance its stress resistance,reduce ROS levels in the body,and increase DAF-16 transcriptional activity.BSCA also protects against aging-related diseases AD.This provides a certain theoretical basis for anti-aging and anti-AD as food additives.