Correlational Study Between Hemifacial Spasm And Essential Hypertension

Objective:To explore the correlation between hemifacial spasm and essential hypertension,and to trace the cause and effect of their coexistence.Methods:70 patients with hemifacial spasm who met the study criteria in neurosurgery department of the author's hospital from January 2013 to May 2018 were enrolled,including 19 cases of patients with essential hypertension and 51 without.The patients with essential hypertension were subdivided into 12 cases of patients with hemifacial spasm occurring early and 7 cases of patients with hemifacial spasm occurring late.All patients underwent microvascular decompression,and the diseased vessels were observed during surgery.The association about the gender,age,sides of the hemifacial spasm and the responsible vessels between the essential hypertension group and the non-hypertension group was investigated.The sides of hemifacial spasm between the patients with hemifacial spasm occurring early and hemifacial spasm occurring late were also discussed.Results:There was no significant difference in the incidence of essential hypertension between the left and right hemifacial spasm(X~2=1.110,P=0.292);Female with hemifacial spasm had a higher incidence than male,while the proportion of male patients with hypertension was higher than female patients.The difference was statistically significant(X~2=4.622,P=0.032);The age of the patients with essential hypertension was higher than that without,the mean age of the patients in the hypertension group was 57.1±6.87 years,and the mean age of the patients without hypertension group was 47.3±8.17 years.The difference was statistically significant(t=5.026,P=0.000);The proportion of posterior inferior cerebellar artery or vertebral artery in the hypertension group was higher than that in the non-hypertension group.The responsible blood vessels in the non-hypertensive group were the anterior inferior cerebellar artery,posterior inferior cerebellar artery,and the vertebral artery.Thereinto,the proportion of posterior inferior cerebellar artery and vertebral artery in the hypertensive group was significantly higher than that in the non-hypertensive group.(X~2=7.641,P=0.022);There were 12 cases of patients with hemifacial occurring early(9 cases of patients with left hemifacial spasm and 3 cases of patients with right hemifacial spasm),and 7 cases of patients with hemifacial occurring late(3 cases of patients with left hemifacial spasm and 4 cases of patients with right hemifacial spasm).After Fisher's exact test,the significance value P=0.326>0.05,The sides of hemifacial spasm between the patients with hemifacial occurring early and hemifacial occurring late were similar.(After Fisher's exact test,P=0.326).Conclusion:Patients with hemifacial spasm and essential hypertension are mostly male and older.The posterior inferior cerebellar artery or vertebral artery may play a certain role in hemifacial spasm with essential hypertension.Cases of hemifacial spasm which occurs earlier than essential hypertension is more common than that of hemifacial spasm occurring later.But,whether the hemifacial spasm precedes essential hypertension remains unclear.The main responsible vessel for the hemifacial spasm which occurs early may be the anterior inferior cerebellar artery.The main responsible vessel for hemifacial spasm which occurs late may be the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.