Prevalence Survey And Research On Occupational Health In A Large Automobile Manufacturing Enterprise

Objective: Firstly,investigation the types,concentrations/intensities of occupational hazards in the workplace of a large automobile manufacturing company in order to identify the major occupational hazards.Secondly,implementation occupational health and stress detection in order to reveal the relationship between major hazards and major health damages.Finally,propose effective prevention and control measures to provide a scientific reference for the prevention of occupational diseases in automobile manufacturing enterprises.Methods: Analyze and compare the data about occupational hazards of a large automobile manufacturing company from 2012 to 2016 using field test,and then find the variation tendency and identify the main occupational hazards.Obtain the occupational health examination data of the enterprise from 2012 to 2016 through occupational health examination,analyze and compare the changing trends and the relationship with the above-mentioned hazards.Through stratified sampling,the current situation of occupational stress among workers in the enterprise was investigated by occupational stress survey using occupational stress inventory(OSI-R).Results: 1.Occupational hazards: There were more than 20 occupational hazards in the enterprise,including noise,dust,chemical poisons and so on.The exceeding standard rate of occupational hazard test items was not significantly changed in the enterprise from 2012 to 2016.The occupational hazards that exceeded the standard included noise,silicon dust,welding dust,other dust,manganese and its inorganic compounds,MDI,and carbon monoxide.Among them,the most serious over-standard was noise which exceeded 5a continuously and the exceeding standard rate of noise was 60.38% in 2015.The welding fumes were the second most serious hazard,the 4a of which was continuous over-standard and the exceeding standard rate of which was 6.67% in 2012.However,there were no statistically significant differences in the exceeding standard rate of welding dust and noise annually.The annually exceeding standard rate of the primary occupational hazards did not show any difference.2.Occupational health test: Occupational health damages detected were mainly distributed in benzene and noise jobs during 2012 and 2016.Occupational health damage detected in benzene work was mainly leukocytopenia.The primary occupational health damage among workers major in noise work was hearing loss which was manifested by an increase in the average hearing threshold of binaural high frequency,speech frequency,and an increase in the average hearing threshold of both ear high frequencies.The highest detection rate of leukocytopenia in benzene operations was 1.79% in 2012,while the highest detection rate of hearing loss in noise operations was 3.82% in 2016.3.Occupational stress survey: The heavy degree of occupational tasks was moderate or above complained by 7.82% of the staff,moderate and below complained by 92.18% of the staff.The occupational stress response was moderate or more intense in 54.89% of the staff,and which was moderate and below in 45.11% of the staff.16.82% of the staff are above moderate and lack coping resources and adaptability,and 83.18% of the staff is above moderate coping resources and adaptability.There was no significant difference(P = 0.543)in the occupational task questionnaire score between the norms of auto manufacturing workers and norms in Southwest China.But the occupational task questionnaire score was less in the norms of auto manufacturing workers than that in the norm of skilled workers(P <0.001).The stress response questionnaire score was higher in the workers of automobile manufacturing enterprises than that in the norms of the southwest region and the norm of skilled workers(P <0.001).In response to resource questionnaire scores were lower in the workers of the automobile manufacturing enterprises than that in the norms of Southwest China and those in skilled workers(P <0.001).This survey did not find that the stress response of workers exposed to different hazard factors was different.Conclusion:1.There were various occupational hazards in automobile manufacturing enterprise.Noise was the primary occupational hazard in this enterprise.2.Benzene and noise imposed great impact to occupational health in the automobile manufacturer.Leucopenia and hearing loss were the primary outcomes of the occupational hazard among workers majored in benzene and noise,respectively.3.The occupational tension of workers in the automobile manufacturing enterprise is relatively high.Dealing with insufficient resources was the main reason for the high tension response.