The Current Status And Influencing Factors Of Clinical Teaching Behaviors And Transition Shocks Of New Nurses

ObjectivesTo investigate the current status of clinical teaching behaviors(CTB)and the situation of transition shocks(TS),analyzing the relationship of CTB and TS,so as to providing effective measurements to lower the TS of new nurses and help nursing managers to make a contribution to building national norm of TS.Providing new research ideas of developing clinical nursing education as well.MethodsThe main method was questionnaire survey.The questionnaire survey was made by researchers and carried out on new nurses' preceptors and new nurses from May to July of 2019 by General information questionnaire,The Transition Shock of Newly Graduated Nurses Scale(TSNGNS)and Clinical Teaching Behaviors Inventory-23(CTBI-23),totally recruited 1554 new nurse' preceptors and 983 new nurses and finished the questionnaire by online survey application “Wenjuanxing”,the effective rate of collected data were 82.2% and 88.2%.Results(1)The total score of CTB evaluated by new nurses' preceptors was(98.98±11.83),and the effective score rate was 86.7%,the score from high to low of 6 dimensions were “committing to teaching”,“using appropriate teaching strategies”,“guiding the inter-professional communication”,“building a learning atmosphere”,“providing feedback and evaluation”,and “showing concern and support”.The single factors analysis of CTB of new nurses' preceptors showed that statistically significant items included marriage status,age groups,first wish of nursing,ways of employment,took part in the training of teaching knowledge,whether had experiences of faculty teaching,took part in lecture games,ever took part in nursing skills games(P<0.05).The influence factors analysis showed that train of teaching knowledge,took part in the training of teaching knowledge,took part in nursing skills games and marriage status were the main influence factors of the self-evaluations of CTB by new nurses' preceptors,accounting for 24.6% of total variance.(2)The total score of CTB evaluated by new nurses was(89.45±16.55),and the effective score rate was 77.8%,the score from high to low of 6 dimensions were “committing to teaching”,“providing feedback and evaluation”,“using appropriate teaching strategies”,“guiding the inter-professional communication”,“showing concern and support” and “building a learning atmosphere”.(3)The evaluation of CTB by new nurses' preceptors and new nurses was significantly different at both total score and each dimension(P<0.05),the self-evaluation of new nurses' preceptors was higher than the evaluation of new nurses.(4)The total score of TS among new nurses was(92.58±21.91),the effective score rate was 68.58%,the score from high to low of 4 aspects were physical aspect,psychological aspect,knowledge and skills,social and cultural development aspect.The single factors analysis Indicated that the statistically significant items included first wish of nursing,marriage status,ways of living,whether work by self and ways of clinical teaching(P<0.05).(5)The Correlation between the CTB of new nurses' preceptors and the TS of new nurses was significantly negative,with a correlation coefficient r=-0.128~-0.474(P<0.05).(6)Working by self,first wish of nursing,marital status,ways of clinical teaching,“committing to teaching”,“building a learning atmosphere”,“using appropriate teaching strategies” of CTB were the main influencing factors of TS,which can explain 32.1% of the total variance.Conclusions(1)The differences between the self-evaluation and evaluation by new nurses of CTB were statistically significant(P<0.05).So,Evaluation the CTB should take both the views of new nurses' preceptors and new nurses,which can help to realize the true situation of CTB.(2)Current status of CTB among new nurse's preceptors was not good enough,new nurses' preceptors thought “showing concern and support” was most bad,new nurses considered “building a learning atmosphere” as most poor.Nursing managers should take targeted clinical teacher training programs,so as to improve the quality of clinical nursing education and promote the development of strength of clinical nursing faculty.(3)The TS of new nurses was high in Lanzhou city.Nursing managers should pay close attention to lowing the TS of new nurses especially at physical aspect and psychological aspect,in order to protect career health of new nurses,and reserve personals of clinical nursing.(4)The CTB and TS was significantly negative correlated,the well of CTB,the lower of the TS among new nurses,research in the future should consider CTB as an effective measure to reduce TS of new nurses,so as to promoting the standardized training of new nurses.