The Relationship Between The Hemodialysis Of End-stage Diabetic Nephropathy And Diabetic Retinopathy

The incidence and severity of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN),especially those with end-stage DN,are higher than patient with diabetes.Hemodialysis(HD),an important treatment of end-stage DN,can improve the ocular damage caused by diabetes mellitus and DN by removing uremia toxin,removing excess body fluid and improving hemodynamics.On the other hand,HD may aggravate DR by increasing the oxidative stress,augmenting the risk of fundus hemorrhage and hypoxia of the optic nerve.It is much more conducive for DR patients with end-stage DN to make accurate risk assessment by exploring the advantages and disadvantages of HD on DR,so that we can take appropriate preventive measures to mitigate those avoidable injuries.