Histological Study Of Pathological Tissues In The Lower Extremity Venous Hypertention Rats

OBJECTIVEBy establishing a suitable model of lower extremity venous hypertension in rats,the histological changes of the pathological tissues of the lower limbs of rats were observed by intraperitoneal injection of sulodexide,and the repair effect of sulodexide on the vessels of lower extremity venous hypertension was explored.METHODSSD rats were randomly divided into four groups.Group 1 :lower extremity venous hypertension + sulodite group.Group 2: lower extremity venous hypertension + normal saline group;Group 3: simple lower extremity venous hypertension group;Group 4: blank control group.Rats in groups 1,2 and 3 were ligated with femoral vein to create venous hypertension model.The rats of Group 1 was given intraperitoneally injected with 2mg/(kg*d)of sulodexide for 2 weeks.The rats of Group 2 was given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline at 2mg/(kg*d)for 2 weeks.Groups 3 and 4 were not treated.Activities,diet,incisions and skin changes of the lower limbs were observed.Distal limb tissues of rats were collected at week 1,week 2 and month 2.Three rats in each group were sacrificed at each time point,and the dead rats in each group were supplemented on time.Tissue samples were collected for HE section staining,immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence detection.The inflammatory response and the expression levels of VCAM-1?ICAM-1?TNF-??TGF-??eNOS and syndecan-1 in the distal limb tissues of venous hypertension rats were detected.RESULTS1.The modeling success rate of all SD rats with venous hypertension was 97.2%;2.After successful modeling,the rats had normal diet and activities,and no obvious signs of infection were found in the incisions;3.HE staining results showed that the infiltration degree of inflammatory cells in Group 1 of tissue specimens gradually decreased with time,while the infiltration degree of inflammatory cells in Group 2 and 3 became more serious with time,indicating that sulodexide could improve the inflammatory response in the lower extremity venous hypertension.4.Immunohistochemical results showed that the positive expression levels of VCAM-1?ICAM-1?TNF-?and TGF-?in groups 2 and 3 increased gradually at week 1,week 2 and month 2,while the positive expression levels of eNOS decreased gradually.In Group 1,the positive expression levels of VCAM-1?ICAM-1?TNF-?and TGF-?decreased gradually,and the positive expression levels of eNOS increased gradually.There was no significant change in Group 4.This result indicated that vascular endothelial cells were damaged during venous hypertension,and sulodexide could reduce the expression levels of VCAM-1?ICAM-1?TNF-?and TGF-?and increase the expression levels of eNOS,indicating that sulodexide could improve endothelial function.5.The results of immunofluorescence showed that the content of syndecan-1 in Group 1 was significantly higher than that in Group 2 at 2 months,which further indicated the vascular endothelial injury in the lower extremity venous hypertension,and sulodexide could effectively repair the endothelial injury.CONCLUSIONSThe expression levels of vcam-1,icam-1,TNF-and TGF-were increased,and the expression levels of eNOS were decreased.Sulodexide can improve the inflammatory response in tissues and effectively repair damaged vascular endothelium,and regulate the expression of VCAM-1?ICAM-1?TNF-??TGF-??eNOS and syndecan-1.