| Objective: The main purpose of this study is to study the effect of different surface roughening treatment on the micro morphology and roughness of the short implant abutment surface,and to compare the tensile bonding strength between the short implant abutment and the full crown through tensile test,so as to obtain the optimal surface treatment method and provide reference for the better clinical application of the short implant abutment.Methods: 60 abutments of the Ossetem implant system(model:GSTA5430,5.0mm in diameter and 4mm in height)for conventional posterior teeth restorationwere selected and divided into 6 groups(n = 10): control group;sandblasting group;thermal etching group;1W(100MJ / 10Hz)Er: YAG laser group;2W(200MJ / 10Hz)Er:YAG laser group;3W(300MJ / 10Hz)Er: YAG laser group.After surface treatment,the surface morphology and element analysis were observed by SEM.The base and the substitute are connected and fixed in the self setting resin block.According to the same design standard,the same mechanic completes the fabrication of the corresponding resin restoration with the structure of "O" hanging ring on the full crown similar to the hat.At last,60 repaired parts were bonded to the corresponding base with resin cement.After 24 hours of constant temperature distilled water bath at37 ± 2 ?,the tensile bond strength was tested on the universal testing machine and the maximum load of resin crown was recorded.At the same time,the fracture mode of the specimen was observed under the stereomicroscope.SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used to analyze,Kolmogorov Smirnov test and Levene's test were used to test the distribution characteristics and homogeneity of variance;single factor analysis of variance was used to test whether the differences between the groups were significant,if there were significant differences,LSD-t test was used to compare the two groups,P < 0.05,it was considered that the differences were statistically significant.Results: 1.Tensile bonding strength: Different surface treatment methods affect the surface roughness and bonding strength of short implant abutment.The adhesive strength of the sandblasting group was the highest(469.12 ± 25.71)N;The LSD-t test was used to compare the two groups,and the p value between the control group and the 1W laser group was 0.647 > 0.05,There was no significant difference between the two groups(P = 0.519 > 0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P = 0.851 > 0.05).2.Scanning electron microscope observation:(1)In the control group,there were slight scratches and dark brown pollutant images.(2)The visible surface of sand blasting group is irregular,showing uneven undulation.(3)When the etching group is magnified to × 2000,20 ? m under SEM,the surface of the etching group can be seen as a sparse array of bubble like micropores.(4)The surface of the 1 W laser group was relatively smooth,which was very similar to the image of the control group.Only a few small areas of burned black spots were seen on the surface and scratches were seen at the same time,but the surface pollution was significantly reduced.(5)In the 2W Laser group,some microcracks and punctate grooves were observed,as well as slight changes of black burn samples on the surface.The scope of thermal damage area observed by SEM was small.(6)In the 3W laser group,we can see the huge black burning sample change formed after laser etching.There are irregular granular protrusions formed after melting around the surface,and the heat damage area presents approximately flaky and large cracks.3.Surface element analysis: in the control group,acid etching group and 1W sandblasting group,the relative content of titanium is the highest,and the element analysis chart also shows that the peak value of each group is the highest at Ti.However,for the sandblasting group,2W Laser group and 3W laser group,the content of titanium was higher,and the proportion of new oxygen increased significantly.4.Analysis of adhesion fracture mode: In the sandblasting group and the 3W laser group,adhesion failure and cohesion failure occurred at the same time,so mixed failure mainly occurred;In the 1W laser group,the control group,the acid etching group and the 2W Laser group,adhesion failure mainly occurred.Conclusion:After different coarsening treatment,the surface of the implant abutment has an effect on the tensile strength;The coarsening degree of the surface of the abutment with different laser energy is significantly different,and the higher the energy is,the greater the thermal damage degree of its surface;Excitation Light treatment can be used as an alternative to high-speed sand blasting and acid etching to improve the bonding strength of short planting abutments. |
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