Carotid Plaque Formation And Nature In Patients With Atherosclerosis Analysis Of Related Risk Factors

Objective: To study the correlation between common risk factors and carotid plaque formation and properties in patients with atherosclerosis,so as to provide scientific basis for risk prediction,prevention and treatment of carotid plaque in patients with atherosclerosis.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 250 patients who underwent multi-slice CT angiography(MSCTA)of the carotid artery in our hospital from September 2016 to September 2019 was conducted.The patients were divided into the carotid artery plaque-free group(control group)and carotid artery plaque group according to the CTA manifestations.The carotid plaque group is subdivided into vulnerable plaque group(CT value<120Hu)and stable plaque group(CT value?120Hu)according to the CT value of plaques.If there are both stable and vulnerable plaques in bilateral carotid arteries during CTA examination,they are classified as vulnerable plaque group.The clinical data and relevant test results of each study object were collected.The common risk factors that may affect the formation and nature of carotid plaque were statistically analyzed using single factor logistic regression analysis and multi-factor unconditioned logistic regression analysis to explore the independent risk factors.Results:1.The age,proportion of smoking and drinking,and serum level of total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein,apolipoprotein B,lipoprotein a,and homocysteine were higher in plaque group than in non-plaque group(P <0.05).There was no statistical difference in the rest of the data between the two groups(P> 0.05)2.Age,alcohol consumption,the serum level of low-density lipoprotein and homocysteine were independent risk factors for carotid plaques,and they were ranked according to the degree of risk from high to low: alcohol consumption(OR = 5.483,P = 0.006),low density lipoprotein(OR = 1.7659,P = 0.003),homocysteine(OR = 1.5154,P <0.0001),age(OR = 1.060,P = 0.0046).3.The differences of the serum level of total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,apolipoprotein B,and gender,hypertension,and alcohol consumption were statistically significant between the vulnerable plaque group and the stable plaque group(P <0.05).The differences of other risk factors were not statistically significant between the two groups(P > 0.05).4.The serum level of low-density lipoprotein and gender(male)are independent influencing factors of carotid plaque properties,and the degree of risk for gender(male)(OR = 5.0065,P = 0.0013)is higher than that of the serum level of low-density lipoprotein(OR = 1.8881,P = 0.0109).Conclusions:1.Age,alcohol consumption,the serum level of low-density lipoprotein,and homocysteine are independent risk factors for carotid plaque formation.2.Gender(male)and the serum level of low-density lipoprotein are independent risk factors for the formation of vulnerable carotid plaques.