Correlation Analysis Between The Index Of Peripheral Blood Immune And Inflammatory And The Severity Of Lower Extremity Atherosclerosis Disease

Purpose:To analyze the correlation between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,peripheral blood levels of Treg cells,Breg cells and clinical stage in patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis disease,investigate the changes of immune function and inflammatory response in different clinical stages of the disease.Discuss their effects in the development of the disease,and provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of LEASD patients.Methods:From January 2019 to August 2019,patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis in the Provincial hospital affiliated to anhui medical university were selected.According to the severity of clinical symptoms,patients were divided into intermittent claudication group and critical limb ischemia group.The medical history and general data of the two group were collected,and peripheral blood were sampled.The immune indexes such as Treg cells and Breg cells,as well as blood routine indexes such as absolute value of neutrophils and lymphocytes and other relevant indexes such as uric acid were also detected.The T cell subgroup ratio,B cell subgroup ratio and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in peripheral blood of patients with LEASD were calculated to compare whether there were differences in immune and inflammatory indexes between the two groups and whether they were correlated with the development of the disease.Results:According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 45 patients were included.There were 24 cases in intermittent claudication group and 21 cases in critical limb ischemia group.Comparing the general data of the two groups of patients,it was found that there were no differences in gender,age,smoking and drinking,and no differences in whether suffered from hypertension,coronary heart disease,cerebral infarction,diabetes,as well as uric acid levels.The two groups of patients were comparable.The proportion of Treg cells and Breg cells in peripheral blood in critical limb ischemia group was lower than that in intermittent claudication group(P<0.05),and the NLR was higher than that in intermittent claudication group(P<0.05).The proportion of Treg cells in CD4~+cells was not correlated with the Rutherford grading of LEASD patients(r=-0.263,P=0.093),NLR was positively correlated with the Rutherford grading of LEASD patients(r=0.357,P=0.016),and the percentage of Breg cells in B cells was negatively correlated with the Rutherford grading of LEASD patients(r=-0.297,P=0.047).Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of critical limb ischemia in the LEASD patient(OR=1.928,P=0.033).Conclusion:There are systemic immune regulation disorders and chronic inflammatory reactions in the disease course of LEASD patients.When the clinical severity of the disease increases,the immune dysfunction and chronic inflammatory response will be further aggravated.The decreased proportion of Treg cells and Breg cells in peripheral blood may play an important role in the further aggravation of LEASD.