Bone Graft Material-the Multifunctional Construction Of Polyether Ether Ketone

In recent years,due to bone defects caused by trauma and bone tumor,artificial biomaterials are increasingly applied in bone implantation and bone reshaping.Modulus of elasticity,bioactivity,inhibition of inflammation,and bone induction are key measures of biomaterials for bone implantation.The good elastic modulus makes the biomaterial better match the bone,without producing stress shielding.The good biological activity is beneficial to the adhesion and proliferation of cells on the surface of biomaterials.Inhibition of inflammation can lead to better direct contact and fusion between biomaterials and the interfacial layer of fibrous connective tissue.The osteoinductive properties of biomaterials can stimulate the ability of bone formation and form new bone through osteoblasts.Polyether ether ketone(PEEK)is a promising biomedical material with good mechanical properties,chemical resistance and biocompatibility,it is widely used in bone grafting and orthopedic.However,the application of PEEK is limited by its biological inertness.In this study,we developed a facile approach of immersion to generate a biocompatible and bioactive PEEK that induced osteodifferentiation.The micropores on the surface of PEEK were introduced by concentrated sulfuric acid and subsequent water immersion,followed by the hydrothermal treatment to reduce residual sulfuric acid.The sulfonated PEEK surface was activated by the oxygen plasma treatment and then coated with a poly(dopamine)(PDA)layer by immersion into the dopamine solution.The tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp(RGD)was integrated onto the PDA-coated surface of PEEK by immersion into the RGD peptide solution.Surface properties(physicochemical and biological characteristics)were detected by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,water contact Angle analysis,cell proliferation,real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis,alizarin red staining,and immunocytochemical staining.In vitro experiments indicate that the surface modification of PEEK can enhance its bioactivity and biocompatibility and induce bone differentiation.In bone repair,bone regeneration and angiogenesis are the most important and immediate conditions.In clinical trials,in addition to the biomaterial bioactive,the ability of the material to inhibit inflammation,promote angiogenesis and bone differentiation should also be considered.Strontium can promote the growth of osteoblasts,inhibit the growth of osteoclasts,and inhibit the inflammatory factor,which has the effect of immune regulation.We design a multi-functional PEEK material for clinical application.Strontium ion can be effectively released on the sample surface for a long time,and the appropriate concentration of strontium ions can satisfy the promoting effect on different cells.In vitro experiments,demonstrated that the combination of strontium with PEEK can effectively promote the proliferation of osteoblasts and vascular endothelial cells,improve the expression of osteogenic induction and angiogenesis genes,and inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors.Our study shows that strontium ions can effectively combine on the surface of PEEK,improve the biological activity of PEEK,inhibit the expression of inflammatory genes,and promote the expression of osteogenic genes and angiogenic genes.This porous multifunctional PEEK composite with strontium has great potential in the clinical application of bone repair.At the same time,this study proposed a method to improve the application of PEEK in orthopedic implants,which can be popularized in the future.