Study On Colon Cancer Related Gene Recognisation And Function Based On Single-cell Multi-omices Integration

The work report of the World Health Organization(WHO)states that colon cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with the characteristics: high incidence rate,high recurrence rate and high mortality rate,whose incidence and recurrence rate in the year of 2018 are both ranked fourth worldwide.The exiting treatment methods face the problems of low median survival and 5-year overall survival rate for the patients with metastatic advanced colon cancer,as a result,biology therapy has become a new research direction.Colon cancer is closely related to the abnormal transcription and epigenetic modification,at the same time,more and more studies have shown that epigenetic modification is capable of promoting colon cancer by changing the expression of tumor-related genes in multiple signaling pathways.Traditional transcriptome and epigenomics high-throughput sequencing are mainly bulk sequencing of tissue samples.The sequencing results represent the “whole” state of the bulk cells,whereas the less abundant transcripts and epigenetic modifications are partially lost in the overall characterization.Single-cell sequencing technology effectively solves the impact limitation of high tumor heterogeneity on low-abundance signals.The stability of DNA methylation makes it a hot point in epigenetic research.This paper studies the genes differentially expressed or methylated genes in colon cancer and the mechanisms they contribute to colon cancer,which is mainly divided into the following three modules.First,in order to explore the genes directly promote colon cancer,recognizing the differentially expressed genes in colon cancer and analyzing their functions,which reveal the possible molecular mechanisms of colon cancer.Next,the gene set differentially methylated in colon cancer is identified,the functional enrichment analysis of which is further performed,and the results show there are no significant differences between categories,suggesting a possible core methylation gene set of colon cancer.Finally,based on the existing studies,the genes whose expression negatively correlates with methylation are picked as the marker gene set of colon cancer,and the function analysis reveals the early as well as critical biological processes for the development of colon cancer.Depending on the transcriptomes data,this paper explores the differentially expressed genes and the functions in various types of colon cancer cells and finds the specificity of each subtype is significant.Notably,Alzheimer's disease,Huntington disease,and Parkinson's disease pathways are enriched in functional enrichment analysis,suggesting the potential relationship between colon cancer and neurological diseases.Using DNA methylation data to determine the abnormal methylation pattern in colon cancer,and there is no significance between subtypes,indicating a possible core methylation gene set of colon cancer.Another important finding is certain differentially expressed genes can affect cognition,learning,memory,and nervous system,once again suggesting the possibility of a link between colon cancer and neurological disease.Comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and DNA methylation to verify the marker genes for different types,which are mainly enriched in the biological processes related to immune,suggesting the immunity is very important for the development of colon cancer.At the same time,two robust marker genes common to each subtype are identified.This paper helps to further study the mechanism,diagnose and therapy for colon cancer.This paper has a very important theoretical significance and application value.