Expression And Correlation Of S100A1 And PCNA Protein In High-grade Serous Ovarian Adenocarcinoma

ObjectiveOvarian cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the female reproductive system.According to world health organization(WHO),each year an estimated total of 225,500 cases of ovarian cancer will be diagnosed and 140,200 patients will succumb to this disease.Although the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors have gradually improved in recent years,ovarian cancer remains the leading cause of mortality in gynecology malignant tumor.High-grade serous ovarian adenocarcinoma(HGSC)is the most common and deadliest pathological pattern of ovarian malignant,accounting for more than 60% of ovarian malignant tumors and more than 70% of all ovarian malignant tumors.Traditonally,the ovarian surface epithelium was long believed to be the origin of HGSC,but recent studies have shown that the fallopian tube epithelium has emerged as a potential primary origin of HGSC.Due to the lack of typical symptoms and early diagnosis of ovarian cancer,it is urgent to find novel targets for early diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.S100(S100 calcium binding protein)protein family is a small group of acidic calcium-binding proteins characterized by EF hand-shaped structure.The disorder in the expression of multiple members of the S100 protein family is a common feature of human cancer.S100 protein not only regulates cell proliferation,differentiation and division,but also binds to a variety of receptors outside the cell to play the role of cytokines.S100A1 protein is one member of S100 protein family.The high expression of S100A1 protein in tumorigenesis and other pathological conditions is closely related to the occurrence and development of malignant tumors.Proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)is a highly conserved acidic protein,which plays an important role in DNA replication,DNA repair,cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation.In malignant tumor tissues,high level of PCNA can be used as biomarkers to identify invasive tumors.In view of the role of S100A1 and PCNA in malignant tumor,we speculate that these two proteins may be involved in the carcinogenesis and development of malignant tumor.In this study,we detected the expression of S100A1 and PCNA in HGSC,so as to research the correlation between the two proteins and tumor clinicopathological parameters and the correlation of their expression.Therefore we can investigate the possibility of early diagnosis and therapeutic target of HGSC.Methods1.We detected the expression of S100A1 and PCNA protein in 69 HGSC tissues and 22 normal fallopian tissues by immunohistochemistry analysis.2.We analyzed the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics such as the surgical-pathologic stages,ages,ascites,the sizes of residual tumor,lymph node metastasis and greater omentum metastasis of HGSC and the expressions of S100A1 and PCNA,respectively.We also analyzed the correlation of S100A1 and PCNA.Results1.Compared with normal fallopian tissues,the expression of S100A1 and PCNA were both significantly upregulated in HGSC(P<0.001);2.The high expression of S100A1 was significantly associated with Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO)stages,ages,ascites,the sizes of residual tumor,lymph node metastasis and greater omentum metastasis in HGSC(P<0.05);3.The high expression of PCNA was significantly associated with FIGO stages,the sizes of residual tumor and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05),but not with ages,ascites and greater omentum metastasis in HGSC(P>0.05);4.There was significant positive correlation between the high expression of S100A1 and PCNA in HGSC(r=0.43,P<0.01).ConclusionThis study indicates that the expression of S100A1 and PCNA was significantly upregulated and associated with the pathological characteristics in HGSC,and they are positively correlated.S100A1 and PCNA may interact with each other to promote the occurrence,development and metastasis of HGSC.