Analysis Of Clinical Features And Related Risk Factors Of Crohn's Disease With Perianal Lesions

Objective: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of Crohn's disease combined with perianal lesions,and explored its related risk factors.The aim is to improve clinicians' awareness of Crohn's disease combined with perianal lesions,improve its early diagnosis rate,and reduce the rate of missed and misdiagnosed diseases.Thereby improving the clinical prognosis of patients.Methods: Collected the clinical data of Crohn's disease patients with complete clinical data from January 1,2010 to December 31,2019,Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University,and analyzed their clinical data retrospectively.Perianal lesions group(PCD group)and non-anal lesions group(non-PCD group).The clinical characteristics of the two groups of patients were compared,and the related risk factors of Crohn's disease with perianal lesions were analyzed.Results: A total of 130 patients were included in this study.There were 55 patients in the PCD group,with a male to female ratio of 4: 1,and A2 type accounted for 81.8%.The median age of onset was 27 years,ileocolon type accounted for 70.9% of intestinal lesions,and stenosis type accounted for 56.4% of disease behaviors.In clinical manifestations: abdominal pain 80.0%,diarrhea 67.3%,anemia 70.9%,weight loss49.0%,hypoproteinemia 47.3%,oral ulcer 1.8%,intestinal stenosis 14.5%.There were 75 patients in the non-PCD group with a male to female ratio of 2: 1.The median age of onset is 30 years,and A2 type accounts for 54.7%.The ileal colon type accounted for 57.3% of the lesions,and the stenosis type accounted for 49.3% of the disease behaviors.In clinical manifestations: abdominal pain 88.0%,diarrhea 52.0%,anemia 60.0%,weight loss 63.4%,hypoproteinemia 45.3%,oral ulcer 13.3%,intestinal stenosis 28.0%.There were no significant differences in gender,smoking history,history of bowel resection,incidence site,disease behavior,elevated CRP,decreased HGB and ALB between the two groups of patients(P> 0.05).Compared with the non-PCD group,the PCD group had an earlier age of onset(P = 0.001),a longer course of disease(P = 0.043),and increased ESR and PLT(P <0.05).Elevated PLT is an independent risk factor for Crohn's disease with perianal lesions(P = 0.013).Conclusions:(1)Compared with patients with Crohn's disease without perianal lesions,patients with Crohn's disease with perianal lesions have an earlier age of onset,a longer course of disease,and a higher ESR and PLT.(2)Elevated PLT is an independent risk factor for Crohn's disease combined with perianal lesions.People with Crohn's disease with elevated PLT should be given more active intervention.(3)The clinical manifestations of Crohn's disease combined with perianal lesions are diversified and lack specificity.Comprehensive analysis in combination with laboratory,imaging,and endoscopic examinations can improve the early diagnosis rate and reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.