FMF Combined With MNM Angle Mark In Evaluating Fetal Facial Dysplasia During Early Pregnancy

Purpose Chooseing two ultrasound marks,the frontal maxillary angle(FMF)and maxillary-nasal root-mandibular angle(MNM),as the representative,explor es the transformation rule of the two new marks in the normal fetal developm ent and the difference between the normal and the abnormal fetal facial develo pment in early pregnancy.Methods According to the selection criteria:1.daily menstrual cycle is accurate,and the gestational age at 11 weeks to 13weeks+6days;2.natural pregnancy an d single pregnancy;3.pregnancy has no history of radiation exposure,no history of exposure to pathogenic poison,no history of contraindication of medication;4.early pregnancy ultrasound screening no obvious abnormality;5.follow-up to fe tal birth and got the outcome,newborn birth Apgar score above 8 points,we se lected 1021 pregnant women into the normal control group from June 2017 to February 2018 which have take early pregnancy ultrasound screening in our h ospital ultrasound diagnostic department.In addition,according to the inclusion criteria:1.daily menstrual cycle is accurate,and the gestational age at 11 weeks to 13weeks+6days;2.natural pregnancy,single pregnancy;3.follow-up to the birt h and got the outcome,there are our hospital or outside hospital pathology co nfirmed diagnosis results,we selected 51 positive cases of our department in t he last five years which we required into the abnormal group.The nuchal tran slucency thickness(NT),the crown-rump length(CRL),the FMF and the MNM angles were independently measured by two sonographers,and the basic inform ation of the pregnant women were collected.The statistical differences of the t wo groups were analyzed.Results The mean FMF and MNM angles of the normal control group were 89.59°±8.87° and 8.85°±2.38°,respectively.In the abnormal group,the mean FM F and MNM angles of the 21-trisomy fetus were 98.48°±8.87° and 5.82°±2.07°,respectively;the mean FMF and MNM angles of the 18-trisomy fetus were 96.63°±12.86 ° and 12.97°±3.73°,respectively;the mean FMF and MNM angles of the simple cleft palate fetus were 80.72°±7.97° and 15.21°±4.98°,respectiv ely.The results of intra-group analysis showed that there was a linear correlatio n between FMF and head and hip length(r=-0.43,P<0.001),indicating that F MF Angle decreased with the increase of gestational age.There was no correlati on between MNM and head and hip length.In addition,there was no correlatio n between FMF and NT or between MNM and NT.The results of the intergrou p analysis showed that the FMF and MNM Angle values of fetuses in the nor mal control group were statistically significant different from those in the abno rmal group.That is,the FMF Angle of the 21-trisomy fetus increased(P<0.001)and the MNM Angle decreased(P<0.001)compared with the normal developi ng fetus.FMF and MNM angles of the 18-trisomy fetus increased(P=0.009,P<0.001).FMF Angle was significantly decreased(P=0.002),while MNM Angle w as significantly increased(P<0.001).Conclusion There were significant differences in FMF and MNM angels betwe en 21-trisomy?18-trisomy?simple cleft palate fetuses and normal fetuses,whic h showed that these two angels had high value in evaluating the risk of abnor mal facial development.