| Objective:To explore the application of family-centered care in preschool asthma childrenMethod:Objective Sampling method and design method of unequal control group in different periods were used.From November 2017 to May 2018,56 non-severe asthmatic children admitted to the pediatric ward of Shanghai no.10 people's hospital were selected as the control subjects,from July 2018 to January 2019,48 non-severe asthmatic children admitted to the pediatric ward of Shanghai no.10 people's hospital were selected as the study subjects.The control group was given routine nursing for children with asthma,while the research group was given family-centered nursing for 3 months on the basis of routine nursing,including intervention during hospitalization and after discharge.The intervention during hospitalization focused on guiding parents of asthmatic children to master the knowledge and skills of asthma nursing,and improving the basic nursing ability of families.Instruct parents to use children's respiratory and asthma control(TRACK),record asthma diaries,learn to judge the level of asthma control,and have the ability of self-monitoring.Interventions after discharge focused on follow-up and peer support to enhance parents'confidence in asthma control.Two groups of children were investigated by self-designed family questionnaires for children with asthma,breathing and asthma control tests for children,and inhalation operation evaluation.The improvement of condition,score of inhalation operation evaluation,control level of breathing and asthma,recurrence of asthma after discharge,emergency cases and re-hospitalization cases were compared between the two groups.Results:1.For the comparison of the improvement of clinical symptoms between the two groups showed that the duration of disappearance of pulmonary wheezing and coughing in the intervention group during hospitalization was shorter than that in the control group,which had statistically significant differences(P<0.05).2.For the comparison of the respiratory and asthma control(TRACK)levels,there was no significant difference in TRACK scores and scores in various fields between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05);After 3 months of intervention,the total TRACK score and scores in various fields of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).3.Respiratory and asthma control(TRACK)levels of the two groups were compared.Before intervention,the TRACK scores of the intervention group were concentrated in the middle level.After three months of intervention,the total TRACK scores of the intervention group were 88.71 points(higher than 80 points),and the total scores and the scores in all fields were higher than those before intervention.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),indicating that the respiratory problems of the intervention group were basically achieved.Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the total score of TRACK and the score of each field between the two groups(P>0.05).Three months after intervention,the total score of TRACK and the score of each field in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the total score of TRACK and the score of each field in the control group before and after intervention(P>0.05).4.The incidence of asthma within 1 month and 3 months after discharge was compared between the two groups.Within 1 month after discharge,there were 0 cases of asthma recurrence in the control group and 9 cases in the matched group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There were 0 emergency cases in the control group and 7 emergency cases in the matched group,which difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were 0 cases who were readmitted in the control group and 8 cases who were readmitted in the matched group,while the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Within 3 months after discharge,there were 9 cases of asthma recurrence in the control group and 22 cases in the matched group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were 6 emergency cases in the control group and 20 cases in the matched group,which difference was also statistically significant(P<0.05).There were 4 cases of re-hospitalization in the control group and 15 cases in the matched group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:1.Family-centered care on preschool asthmatic children can improve their clinical symptoms.2.Family-centered care on preschoolers with asthma can improve their respiratory and asthma control level.2.Family-centered care on preschoolers with asthma can reduce the recurrence rate of asthma. |
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