| PART1:The effect of different doses of rhein on glucose metabolism and gut microbiota structure in db/db miceObjective To analyze the effects of different doses of rhein on glucose metabolism and gut microbiota structure in db/db mice,and further explore the role of rhein on improving glucose metabolism in db/db mice.Methods Thirty seven C57BL/KSJ db/db mice were randomly divided into three groups:low dose Rhein group(L group,50mg/kg/day,n=15),high dose Rhein group(H group,50mg/kg/day,n=14)and control group(C group,n=8).Fecal samples were collected before and after rhein intervention.Fasting blood glucose and body weight were measured at the same time.At the end of the 8-week experiment,mice in each group were sacrificed,the plasma was taken to measure the GLP-1 concentration,and fecals of mice were analyzed for 16S rDNA gene sequencing.Before and after the experiment,the changes of fasting blood glucose,body weight,food intake,structure of gut microbiota and GLP-1 were compared.The Spearman correlation analysis further analyzed the correlation between the hypoglycemic effectiveness and the gut microbiota.Result 1.Effects of rhein on glucose metabolism in db/db mice:low and high doses of rhein can significantly decrease the fasting blood glucose in db/db mice after 6 weeks of intervention(P<0.01 and P<0.05).At the end of the 8th week,the decrease of fasting blood glucose was more obvious than before(P<0.01).At the same time,rhein also can significantly inhibit the food intake of mice(P<0.05 and P<0.01).2.The effect of rhein on the plasma active GLP-1 in db/db mice:compared with C group,there was no significant difference in plasma active GLP-1 concentration between L group and H group(P>0.05).3.The effect of rhein on gut microbiota in db/db mice:compared with that before rhein intervention,OTUs in L group and H group increased significantly(P<0.01).In addition,compared with C group,the relative abundance of Bacteroides increased significantly(P<0.05),while the Firmicutes decreased significantly(P<0.01).In addition,about ? diversity,compared with C group,the diversity of L group increased significantly(P<0.01),while H group had no significant change(P>0.05).4.Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the hypoglycemic effect of rhein and the structure of gut microbiota before administration(P>0.05).Conclusion 1.Both low and high doses of rhein can significantly decrease the fasting blood glucose level of db/db mice,inhibit the food intake of mice,enrich the OTUs of gut microbiota,increase the relative abundance of bacteroides and decrease the relative abundance of firmicutes;at the same time,rhein intervention did not reduce the the diversity of microbiota of mice.2.There was no significant correlation between the hypoglycemic effect of rhein and the structure of gut microbiota before administration.PART2:The preliminary exploration on the effect of rhein on glucose metabolism and the structure of gut microbiota in diabetic patientsObjective To analyze the effect of rhein on glucose metabolism and gut microbiota structure in patients with type 2 diabetes,and further explore the important role of gut microbiota in the process of rhein's hypoglycemic effect.Methods 1.From May 2018 to July 2019,patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in the outpatient and inpatient in our hospital were collected as experimental subjects.Before and after the intervention,all patients took blood samples to detect the initial fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,the function of islets and other metabolic indicators,and collected fecal samples.2.All subjects were treated with yanhuangbaoshen capsule(rhein preparation,rhein content>80%,100mg/d).3.To compare the changes of fasting blood glucose,relative abundance of gut microbiota and diversity of gut microbiota before and after rhein intervention,Spearman correlation analysis further analyzed the correlation between the hypoglycemic effect and the structure of gut microbiota.Result 1.Effect of rhein on fasting blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus:after one month of treatment with rhein,the fasting blood glucose level of patients decreased significantly(P<0.01).2.The effect of rhein on the structure of gut microbiota in diabetic patients:after rhein intervention,the number of OTUs increased significantly(P<0.05).In addition,rhein significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides(P<0.01),while the relative abundance of Firmicutes significantly decreased(P<0.01),while its Shannon index significantly decreased(P<0.05).3.Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the hypoglycemic effect of rhein and the relative abundance of Proteobecteria before administration(r=-0.627,P<0.05).Conclusion 1.Rhein can significantly improve fasting blood glucose level,enrich the OTUs of gut microbiota,increase the relative abundance of bacteroides and reduce the relative abundance of firmicutes,at the same time,Shannon diversity index decreased significantly.2.There was a significant negative correlation between the hypoglycemic effect of rhein and the relative abundance of Proteobecteria before administration. |
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