Research And Implementation Of Automatic Nucleic Acid Extraction And Rapid Amplification Detection System

With the improvement of modern biomedicine and human health quality,people are paying more and more attention to their own health status,and various new disease diagnosis techniques and methods are constantly emerging.As a highly specific and sensitive in vitro diagnostic technology,nucleic acid diagnostic technology is widely used in clinical diagnosis,disease screening and other fields.In recent years,China has continued to pay more attention to the application of nucleic acid diagnosis technology.Especially during the outbreak of the new coronavirus in 2020,efficient and rapid nucleic acid diagnostic technology has become a key means for the global fight against the new coronavirus.The process of nucleic acid diagnosis is divided into nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid amplification detection.Traditional nucleic acid diagnosis often involves many detection equipment and a large number of manual operations,which is time-consuming and inefficient,and can only be applied in specific places.Point-of-Care Testing(POCT)technology relies on portable testing instruments to achieve convenient,fast,and immediate disease diagnosis,and is increasingly used.Therefore,the combination of POCT technology and nucleic acid diagnosis technology,based on the new nucleic acid detection method,research on POCT nucleic acid rapid detection technology,will help to improve the overall performance of nucleic acid detection.Based on the unique advantages of microfluidic chip technology,with the help of microchannel,micro valve,micro pump,micro reactor and other functional units integrated inside the chip,the chip can complete microfluidic control and multi-step biochemical reaction according to the established sequence,and realize the automation of detection process.At the same time,with the help of the characteristics of microfluidic chip,it is conducive to the miniaturization and portability of nucleic acid detection system,and even in the case of reducing the volume of reaction reagent,to achieve high-throughput nucleic acid detection,which lays a good foundation for improving the level of nucleic acid detection.This paper studies a method and system for automatic nucleic acid extraction and rapid amplification detection.First of all,this paper studies the extraction method of two-phase aqueous nucleic acid,and designs a nucleic acid extraction device,which can continuously complete the multiple operation steps required for two-phase aqueous nucleic acid extraction.Through the integration of the heating module,reagent mixing module,centrifugal module and supporting devices inside the self-designed device,combined with the software and hardware design of the embedded system,the distributed control mode is used to control the cooperative work among multiple functional modules,and the processes of cleavage,extraction and purification of nucleic acid molecules are completed in sequence,and the nucleic acid template is finally extracted.With the help of a portable nucleic acid extraction device studied in this paper,instead of multiple separation devices,the automation,rapidity and integration of the nucleic acid extraction process are realized.Secondly,based on the embedded system,the reaction temperature of nucleic acid amplification is provided by the constant temperature heating module,and the real-time fluorescence collection is realized by integrating the photoelectric detection module.Research and design a host computer system based on Android system to realize human-computer interaction,data analysis and processing.The automatic nucleic acid extraction device and the nucleic acid rapid amplification detection system cooperate with each other to realize integrated nucleic acid diagnosis from sample processing to nucleic acid amplification detection.The preliminary test results show that the comprehensive performance indexes of the automatic nucleic acid extraction device and the rapid nucleic acid amplification detection system have met the expected requirements.Theoretically,the two systems can complete the rapid and integrated nucleic acid detection within 30 minutes,which lays a solid foundation for further improving the level of nucleic acid diagnosis.