| IntroductionWith the continuous development of the social modernization process,the realization of the rule of law,standardization,and refinement of health care supervision is a powerful guarantee for the formation of professional,efficient,unified,standardized,civilized and impartial health law enforcement supervision.In 2018,the "Guiding Opinions on Reforming and Perfecting the Comprehensive Supervision System for the Medical and Health Industry" of the General Office of the State Council proposed to deepen the decision-making and deployment of the medical and health system reform.The supervision direction turned to the supervision of the whole industry,focusing on the whole process supervision after the event,and the supervision mode turned to comprehensive coordination.Regulatory and regulatory means require the use of legal,administrative,economic and information tools.Under the new situation,actively adapt to the new requirements of health supervision and law enforcement,improve the efficiency of health administrative punishment,accurately and effectively crack down on illegal activities,improve the legal awareness of administrative counterparts,and consciously practice according to law,is to safeguard the public health interests and social order of the broad masses of the people.A powerful means to improve the level of law enforcement of health supervisors is to ensure the level of law enforcementObjectivesThis article through to the provincial health supervision resources data and the province in 2014-2017 health administration punishment illegal elements through statistical analysis,understand the province health supervision resources and the present situation of supervision,the provincial health industry illegal situation and hygiene supervision and law enforcement,the problems that exist in the understanding of health administrative punishments,and then puts forward the path and improve the level of the provincial health administrative law enforcement,the emphases and difficulties of health law enforcement for the province to provide decision-making reference,provide guarantee for the health and safety rights and interests of the people.Information and MethodsFirst,we use the literature review method to collect government work reports,documents,laws and regulations,papers,journals and other documents through the electronic database such as HowNet,Wanfang,Weipu,and PubMed.Secondly,through the"China health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook","statistical Yearbook of a province" to collect the province's economic,population and health resources data;Through the National Health Supervision Information Platform,the information on the law enforcement supervision and the administrative penalty card of each professional health supervision institution in the province from 2014 to 2017 was obtained.The collected data is sorted,entered into an Excel spreadsheet,and a database is created.The statistical description is made using SPSS21.0.The indicators mainly include the penalty rate and composition ratio.The correlation between continuous variables is analyzed by pearson correlation,and between the categorical variables.The comparison was performed using the chi-square test.The t test was used for intergroup comparisons of continuous variables.The significance test level a=0.05.ResultsThere were 26,441 punishment cases in the province from 2014 to 2017,and the number of punishment cases increased year by year from 2014 to 2017.The growth rate of 2015-2017 was higher than that of the same period in China.83.81%of the cases came from daily supervision and inspection,10.74%from social reports,and 5.46%from monitoring reports of health institutions,assigned by other organs and transferred by relevant departments,with statistically significant difference(P<0.0001).The types of punishment are mainly fines and warnings.54.49%of the cases are fined,and 40.33%are warned.The proportion of warnings is increasing year by year,while the proportion of fines is decreasing year by year.Of the closed cases,73.7 percent followed general procedures,a proportion that declined year by year,from 87.5 percent in 2014 to 67.2 percent in 2017.Summary procedure was executed in 26.3%of cases,accounting for an increasing proportion year by year,from 12.5%(2014)to 32.8%(2017),with statistically significant difference(P<0.0001).The number of people applying for hearing after receiving the decision of administrative penalty is small,accounting for only 0.8%of the general procedure and showing a trend of fluctuation.The case execution was good,and the voluntary execution rate was 99.11%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Analysis of the effectiveness of administrative penalty,penalty intensity significantly increased.From 2014 to 2017,the administrative penalty rate increased year by year,from 1.16%(2014)to 3.59%(2017),both lower than the national average.The number of punishments per capita for supervisors has been increasing year by year,from 1.04(2014)to 3.44(2017),both lower than the national average.The four-year punishment amounted to 60.789,800 yuan,with the fine increasing year by year from 7.6413 million yuan(2014)to 24.4963 million yuan(2017).In the four years,the punishment amount was RMB 0.23 million.In 2015 and 2016,the punishment amount was relatively high.In 201 7,the punishment amount decreased.The average punishment amount of supervisors is RMB 0.47 million,which is increasing year by year,from RMB 0.24 million(2014)to RMB 0.72 million(2017).There were 4,074(15.41%)punishment cases in B city,followed by 3,979(15.05%)in Q city,and 456(1.72%),480(1.82%)and 525(1.99%)punishment cases in E City,O City and L city.The highest penalty rate was 5.66%in City Q,2.75%in city L,1.01%in city G and 1.05%in city O.The highest number of per capita punishments was 3.94 in City B,followed by 3.08 in City Q and 1.26 in city O.The punishment distribution of all specialties in the province is not balanced,and the number of punishment cases of each health specialty is increasing year by year.The number of medical and health cases was the largest,with 12,035 cases(45.52%)being punished,while the cases of radiation health,occupational health,drinking water safety and school health were relatively small,accounting for only 5.89%.The number of administrative punishment cases of different specialties in four years was compared,and the chi-square test(?2=1634.6841,P<0.0001)was statistically significant.The radiation health penalty rate was the highest(4.50%),and the school health penalty rate was the lowest(0.46%).In 2017,the amount of fine was 3.21 times that of 2014,among which medical and health care was the highest,with a total fine of 41,015,700 yuan in 4 years,with an average fine of 3,400 yuan.In occupational health,the total amount of fine in 4 years was 53,000 yuan,with an average fine of 0.1,500 yuan.School health for 4 years without a fine.Health care,prevention and treatment of infectious diseases,public health,crime,illegal facts are mainly in the has not obtained the "practice license of medical institution" in clinical activities,in violation of the disposal of medical waste management regulations,has not obtained the doctor qualification situation of illegal medical practice,violation of the provisions of the public health permits are article 4557,article 3869,article 3120,article 2894,unlicensed practice illegal behavior.Analysis of cases and the province part of the national punishment,health indicators and health supervision of human resources index correlation,the health administrative cases and the province's total population,economic output,number,number of law enforcement equipment hygiene supervisors and male,30-39,age,education degree of health supervisors were positively correlated,with college or junior college degree in the following negative correlation of health supervisors,with statistical significance(p<0.05);It indicates that the larger the total population of the province,the higher the total economic production,the more the number of health supervisors and law enforcement equipment,the more male health supervisors with a bachelor's degree in the age group of 30-39,the fewer health supervisors with a junior college degree or below,and the more punishment casesConclusions and suggestionsFrom 2014 to 2017,the supervision intensity of the province was improved,and the number of cases and the penalty rate were significantly increased.Daily supervision and inspection is the main source of discovering illegal and illegal behaviors of administrative counterparts.While strengthening supervision and inspection,we should give play to the role of social supervision,broaden the channels for the sources of cases,and attach importance to the sorting out of complaints,reports and other cases transferring clues.The types of administrative penalties are concentrated in warnings and fines,and the penalty rate shows a downward trend General procedures are the main implementation procedures,which show a decreasing trend.The supervision intensity still needs to be strengthened,especially the unlicensed medical practice,the disposal of medical waste and the supervision of public places.The total population,total economic production,human resources of health supervisors and health supervision and law enforcement equipment have a great influence on the strength of health administrative penalties in the province.The total population of the province is increasing,the economic aggregate is growing,and the law enforcement equipment is increasing.The more male supervisors aged 30-39 with bachelor's degree,the fewer health supervisors with junior college degree or below,the higher the probability of illegal behaviors found,and the more cases investigatedHygiene supervision and law enforcement system construction not smooth,lack of law enforcement team configuration,and incentive mechanism is not sound,the regulatory pattern of traditional dilemma,suggest an independent health supervision and law enforcement team,improve the ratio of health supervision of human resources,optimize the incentive mechanism,build the evaluation system of performance appraisal for law enforcement,to speed up the informatization construction,at the same time to strengthen health knowledge propaganda,enhance the masses,in accordance with the law consciousness. |
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