Evaluation Of Carotid Artery Elasticity In Severely Abdominal Obese Children By RF-data Based Quantitative Analysis On Vessel Stiffness

Background:With the development of economy,the improvement of living standards and the change of diet structure,the incidence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in China shows an upward trend in varying degrees.Childhood obesity will not only cause childhood hyperlipidemia,hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance,but also increase the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease in adults.Previous studies have shown that obesity can lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction and vascular hardness in children,and further develop into intima-media thickening,thus accelerating the formation of atherosclerosis.Visceral fat accumulation is more closely related to various obesity-related diseases and is considered to be the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease.However,the distribution of visceral fat and the severity of visceral fat accumulation may be different in different obese children,and it is rare to report which is the stronger correlation between thoracic visceral fat and abdominal visceral fat and arteriosclerosis.Therefore,in this study,the changes of carotid artery elastic function in children with severe central obesity were evaluated by RF-data based quantitative analysis on vessel stiffness(R-VQS),and the visceral fat thickness in different parts was measured by ultrasound.The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between visceral fat thickness and carotid artery elasticity in order to explore which visceral fat accumulation has a greater effect on atherosclerosis in obese children.Objective:To evaluate the carotid artery elasticity in severely abdominal obese children by R-VQS,and explore the correlation between visceral fat distribution and carotid artery elasticity.Methods:Seventy severely abdominal obese children aged 7-14 years old and 55 healthy children with normal body mass index(BMI)were selected as obese group and control group in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University during July 2018 to July 2019.Epicardial fat thickness(EFT),visceral fat thickness(VFT),subcutaneous fat thickness(SFT),maximum preperitoneal fat thickness(PFTmax),minimum subcutaneous fat thickness(SFTmin),perirenal fat thickness(PRFT)were measured by ultrasound.Real-time intima-media thickness(RIMT)and R-VQS were employed to evaluate common carotid intima-media thickness(IMT),systolic diameter(Diam),displacement(Dist),pulse wave velocity(PWV)and hardness coefficient(HC).The correlation between fat thickness and carotid artery elasticity was analyzed.Results:1.There were statistically differences in weight,BMI,waist circumference,waist height ratio,triglyceride and high density lipoprotein between 70 severely abdominal obese children and 55 healthy children(P<0.05);but there was no significant difference in age,sex,height,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein and fasting blood glucose between the two groups(P>0.05).2.There were statistically differences of common carotid IMT?elasticity parameters(IMT,Diam,Dist,PWV,HC)and fat thickness(EFT,VFT,SFT,PFTmax,SFTmin,PRFT)between two groups(P<0.05).3.Spearman correlation analysis showed that PFTmax,VFT,EFT,PRFT of obese children were positively correlated with IMT,PWV,and HC(with IMT: r=0.334,0.425,0.415,0.370,P<0.05;with PWV: r=0.853,0.744,0.590,0.358,P<0.05;with HC: r=0.822,0.691,0.526,0.320,P<0.05),and there were no correlation between SFT,SFTmin and IMT,PWV,HC.The degree of correlation between visceral fat thickness and carotid artery elasticity was PFTmax>VFT>EFT>PRFT,however,the correlation between EFT,PRFT and carotid elastic elasticity were weak(r<0.7).Conclusions:1.Severely abdominal obese children may have changes in carotid IMT thickening and decreased elastic function.The parameters such as PWV and HC measured by R-VQS can be used as important reference indicators to evaluate the degree of arterial stiffness in obese children.2.Their visceral fat thickness(EFT,PRFT,VFT and PFTmax)have a good correlation with carotid artery elasticity,among which PFTmax has the best correlation and shows a certain clinical significance for the treatment and follow-up of obese children.