Investigation And Analysis Of Calculus Composition In Patients With Urolithiasis In Qingdao Area

Background: urinary calculi are referred to as urolithiasis,which are distributed in any part of the kidney,ureter,bladder and urethra.The etiology of urolithiasis is complex,and the common factors include age,sex,eating habits,occupational differences and so on,and there are obvious regional and individual differences,which increases the difficulty of clinical treatment.Stone composition analysis is the premise of individualized treatment for patients with urolithiasis,which can evaluate the metabolism of the body and formulate stone prevention programs,but there are few applied studies in inpatients with urolithiasis in Qingdao area.Objective: to collect the stone composition and basic information of 539 patients with urolithiasis from Qingdao Municipal Hospital,to study the difference of sex,age and location of urolithiasis in Qingdao,and to analyze the composition of urolithiasis in Qingdao area.to explore the relationship between stone composition and patients' sex,age and stone location,so as to provide reference for individualized treatment and prevention of urolithiasis in Qingdao area.Methods: 539 patients with urolithiasis in Qingdao area who were hospitalized in Qingdao Municipal Hospital from July 2017 to October 2019 were selected.A total of 539 stone specimens were obtained by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy,percutaneous nephrolithotomy,ureteroscopy,laparoscopy,open surgery and drug lithotripsy.After admission,all patients improved the relevant examination,and infrared spectroscopy was used to record the stone composition of the inpatients.Consult the general data of patients,find out the relationship between sex,age,stone location and stone chemical composition of stone patients,and analyze the epidemiological situation of urinary calculi in Qingdao area.to provide a reference basis for clinical formulation of effective individual treatment and preventive measures.Results: among the 539 patients with urolithiasis in Qingdao,the average age was 49.6 years old,and the peak age of male and female was 50 Mel 59 years old.The incidence of male was more than that of female,and the ratio of male to female was 1.96.Among them,there were 497 cases of upper urinary tract calculi,with an average age of(48.57 �13.31)years,and 41 cases of lower urinary tract calculi,with an average age of(62.49 �18.45)years.The age of patients with lower urinary tract calculi was higher than that of upper urinary tract calculi.The proportion of lower urinary tract calculi in male patients is higher than that in female patients.Among the 539 patients in this study,256 cases were simple stones,accounting for 47.50%,and mixed stones accounted for 52.50%.The top two stone components in simple stones were calcium oxalate and uric acid,accounting for 69.14% and 24.61%,respectively.the first two mixed stones were calcium oxalate + carbonate apatite(74.91%)and calcium oxalate + uric acid(18.37%),mainly calcium oxalate stones.According to the statistics of the total composition of urinary calculi,among the 539 patients,there were 451 cases containing calcium oxalate and 229 cases containing apatite,accounting for 83.67% and 42.49%,respectively.Its incidence reached its peak in the 50 m � 59-year-old age group,and then showed a downward trend.There were 121 cases of urinary calculi containing uric acid,accounting for 22.45% of the total cases,which was higher than the national level,and frequently occurred in the lower urinary tract.The number of cases in the age group under 39 years old was only 12,while the incidence of uric acid stones increased after 40 years old,and tended to be flat after 70 years old.The proportion of female patients with ammonium magnesium phosphate is higher than that of men.Conclusion: 1.The main components of urinary calculi in Qingdao area are calcium oxalate stones;the main components of mixed stones are calcium oxalate + carbonate apatite;2.The peak of the overall incidence of urolithiasis in Qingdao is in the age group of 59 years old.3.The disease ratio between male and female was 1.96.There are most upper urinary tract calculi in Qingdao area,and the average age of onset of upper urinary tract calculi is younger than that of lower urinary tract calculi.The incidence of uric acid calculi is higher than the national level,most of them occur in the lower urinary tract,and most of them are middleaged and elderly patients.6.The incidence of urinary calculi in females with ammonium magnesium phosphate as the main type was higher than that in males,and the difference was statistically significant.