Expression And Clinical Significance Of CD133 In Breast Cancer

BackgroundAs one of the most common malignant tumors,which endangering women's health.Since the end of 1970s,the incidence of breast cancer in the world has been on the rise,and ranked first in women malignant tumors.In recent years,China has become one of the fastest growing countries in the incidence of breast cancer,and the age of onset is also gradually younger.Our country in clinical research and treatment associated with breast cancer has made important progress in recent years,but the development of malignant tumors is a multifactorial,complex biological phenomenon involving multiple genes,prevention and treatment of breast cancer has a long way to go.In recent years,some experts put forward the concept of CSCs,believes that there is a part of the cell population with the characteristics of stem cells in tumor tissue,which has self-renewal and multipotent differentiation ability of tumor,may be the root cause of malignant tumor growth,recurrence and metastasis.It can be seen that the recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer may be related to BCSCs which with stem cell characteristics.Among them,CD133~+cells are one of the characteristic surface markers of CSCs.At present,the relevant research have shown that CD133~+cells in brain tumors,leukemia,colorectal cancer,prostate cancer and other CSCs have been expressed,but its expression in breast cancer remains unclear.In addition,there is no related research reports the exact relationship between its expression and breast cancer occurrence and development,metastasis and prognosis.PurposeUsing immunohistochemical staining method to explore the expression of CD133 in breast cancer tissue,and analyze the relationship between the expression and pathology and clinical factors of breast cancer,such as Molecular typing,the tumor size,clinical staging,pathological grading,lymph node with or without metastasis.We can have a preliminary understanding of molecular biological mechanism of CD133 in breast cancer occurrence,development,metastasis,and lay a theoretical foundation for the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer,has important significance to find new therapeutic targets for breast cancer.MethodsFrom December 2015 to November 2016,83 cases of female patients with the pathological diagnosis of Invasive breast cancer in Tai'an Central Hospital were selected.The criteria were as follows:(1)all patients were diagnosed with breast cancer for the first time,and were not associated with other malignant tumors.(2)None of the patients had obvious contraindications to surgery,and had accepted the individual operation.(3)All cases were diagnosed as invasive breast cancer.Exclusion criteria:patients who did not meet the above criteria.Collecting specimens of paraffin blocks of patients after operations,and using immunohistochemical staining method to explore the expression of CD133 in breast cancer tissue,and statistically analyzed the relationship between the expression and pathology and clinical factors related to breast cancer,for example,the tumor size,clinical staging,pathological grading,lymph node with or without metastasis.Results1.The positive expression rate of CD133 in TNBC was higher than that of the three other types,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05)in 83 cases of invasive breast cancer.2.The positive expression of CD133 was correlated with pathological grade(P=0.028).In pathological grade I,II,and III,CD133 expression rate were 10.0%,31.3%and 47.6%,which increased with the pathological grade,the positive expression rate of CD133 increased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.The positive expression of CD133 was not correlated with tumor size(P=0.985),clinical stage(P=0.762)and lymph node metastasis(P=0.692).Conclusions1.The results showed that the positive expression rate of CD133 in triple-negative breast cancer was the highest,it may be able to provide a theoretical basis for the search of new therapeutic targets of triple-negative breast cancer.2.The positive expression rate of CD133 was related to the pathological stage of the patients,the positive expression rate of CD133 increased with the increase of pathological stage.This suggests that the proportion of CD133 in moderately and poorly differentiated breast cancer tissues may be higher and more likely to be enriched in CD133 than in highly differentiated breast cancers.This suggests that CD133 can be used as a new index to judge the malignant degree and prognosis of breast cancer.3.The expression of CD133 was not significantly different from other clinical parameters,such as tumor size,lymph node metastasis and clinical stage.But with the improvement of breast cancer clinical stage and tumor diameter,the expression rate of CD133 gradually decreased,suggesting that the positive expression of CD133 may exist in the early stage of tumorigenesis.This suggests that CD133 proteins may be present in poorly differentiated early breast cancers.