Identification Of Panax Notoginseng From Different Places By Spectral Fingerprint And Chemometrics

The traditional Chinese medicine Panax notoginseng is the dried root and rhizome of Araliaceae plant Panax notoginseng.As a kind of rare Chinese medicine,it has the effect of dispersing blood stasis,stopping bleeding,relieving swelling and pain.Panax notoginseng mainly produced in Yunnan,authentic production areas for Yunnan wenshan.In recent years,the cultivation of Panax notoginseng has expanded from wenshan and other traditional producing areas to new producing areas on a large scale,and its blind introduction and expansion of producing areas have led to the decline in the quality of medicinal materials,and the quality of traditional Chinese medicine has a direct impact on the development of the whole Chinese medicine industry.At present,most of the Panax notoginseng sold in the market is mainly from wenshan Panax notoginseng,and there is often a phenomenon of pretending to be Panax notoginseng from other producing areas.Due to the uniqueness of Panax notoginseng planting,it is a three-year cycle,and rotation is needed to keep the balance of trace elements in the soil,so as to avoid affecting the quality of Panax notoginseng.There are still some deficiencies in the current evaluation methods of Panax notoginseng,such as character identification,UV spectrophotometry and HPLC,etc.The identification degree is not high,and there is not a set of rapid and accurate technical methods to distinguish Panax notoginseng from different producing areas.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance for the quality control of Panax notoginseng to explore and establish a fast and accurate method for distinguishing Panax notoginseng from different producing areas.In this study,attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,Fourier transform mid infrared spectroscopy and Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy were used to measure the fingerprints of Panax notoginseng from different places of origin and different drying methods.A fast,simple and effective evaluation model is established by combining chemometrics methods such as stochastic forest,support vector machine and system clustering analysis.The rapid identification of Panax notoginseng from different producing areas and different drying methods by the model can provide certain theoretical basis for scientific and standardized utilization of Panax notoginseng and quality evaluation.1.In this study,Fourier transform mid-infrared(FT-MIR)and near infrared(NIR)sensor technologies combined with single spectra analysis and multi-sensor information fusion strategy(low-,mid-and high-level)for the origin identification of 210 Panax notoginseng samples from five cities in Yunnan Province,China.FT-MIR spectra were considered to play a greater role in data analysis than NIR spectra.Random forest(RF)was used to establish classification models.The result of the random forest Boruta(RF-Bo)model and the random forest variable selection(RF-Vs)model based on high-level multi-sensor information fusion strategy was satisfactory.In addition,the RF-Bo model based on high-level multi-sensor information fusion strategy was faster and simpler in data analysis and the accuracy was 95.6%.This indicates that advanced data fusion combined with FT-MIR and NIR spectra based on feature variable screening can provide a quick and simple method for origin identification of Panax notoginseng.2.By using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with random forest identification of different drying methods of Panax notoginseng.A random forest variable selection model(RF VS)and a random forest boruta model(RF Bo)were established based on the samples of Panax notoginseng,Wenshan Prefecture,Yunnan Province.It is found that the accuracy of the random forest boruta model is higher than that of the random forest variable selection model.The former has a relatively short time in the operation process and is easy to operate.In addition,the important variable selection of the random forest boruta model is more accurate than the coverage of the random forest variable selection model,and the number is relatively large.Therefore,the random forest boruta model is more suitable for the identification of Panax notoginseng with different drying methods.3.The infrared spectrum data of Panax notoginseng were collected by ATR attachment,KBr tablet pressing technology and Fourier transform near infrared spectrometer.Based on the data sets of middle infrared,attenuated total reflection The data sets of FTIR,ATR-FTIR and NIR of Panax notoginseng from Kunming,Honghe,Wenshan,Yuxi and Qujing were used to establish the single spectrum and low-level fusion discriminant models of random forest.The results of the model show that the accuracy of the random forest model is high after the data fusion of NIR and ATR-FTIR,which provides a simple and efficient technical method for the origin identification of Panax notoginseng.ATR-FTIR spectroscopy technology omits the tablet pressing process,no loss in operation,and the sample can be recovered after detection.Compared with FTIR spectroscopy technology,it has a strong advantage in practical application,saving time and less reagent loss.4.The identification of Panax notoginseng from different areas was carried out by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics.The sample of Panax notoginseng was collected from seven prefectures in Yunnan Province.The spectral data processing includes common spectral preprocessing.The unsupervised identification uses system cluster analysis,and the supervised identification model uses two chemometrics methods: random forest and support vector machine.The results show that the accuracy of random forest variable selection model and support vector machine identification model are 100%,but the latter is relatively short in operation time and easy to operate.Combined with the two kinds of identification analysis,we can get better results by using supervised identification analysis.