| Bladder cancer(BC)is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system.The incidence rate is 11th among malignant tumors.Worldwide,about 150,000 people die of bladder cancer every year.In 2014,there were about 78,100 new cases of bladder cancer in China,which is the highest incidence of urinary tumors in China.According to the depth of tumor invasion,it is divided into non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Complete resection of the tumor is the key to treatment and reducing the risk of recurrence and progression.Current mainstream surgical methods include transurethral resection of bladder tumors,partial cystectomy,total cystectomy and other different treatment options.About 75%of patients are non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC).The standard treatment is transurethral resection of bladder tumors,However,the recurrence rate after TURBT is high.Long-term follow-up review of cystoscopy is required,and the pain of patients is high.Therefore,seeking the non-invasive detection methods has become a relevant research hotspot.Through preliminary experiments,we found that the expression level of miRNA-221 in urine’s exosomes of bladder cancer patients was significantly higher than that of healthy people.miRNA-221 is expected to become an important indicator for early diagnosis and postoperative follow-up of bladder cancer.Objective:Detection and analysis of the expression level of miRNA-221 in bladder cancer tissues,non-cancerous tissues and urine exosomes,combined with the depth of tumor infiltration.To study the diagnostic value of miRNA-221 in bladder cancer tissues and urine exosomes for bladder cancer.Methods:The study included 20 cases of bladder cancer(13 cases of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and 7 cases of muscular invasive bladder cancer),diagnosed in the Urology Department of Subei People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province from June 2018 to June 2019.Collect morning urine before surgery,Tumor tissue and Normal Tissue.Ultracentrifugation is used to extract exosomes in urine.The morphological characteristics of transmission electron microscopy were used to confirm the successful extraction.Further,fluorescent quantitative PCR technology used to detect miRNA-221-3p contained in urine exosomes.The total RNA was extracted from cancer tissues and non-cancer tissue samples,and the expression level of miRNA-221 was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.Using SPSS22 software in combination with clinical data to analyze and compare the expression difference of miRNA-221 in tumor tissues and non-tumor tissues;the correlation of miRNA-221 expression in tumor tissues and urine exosomes.Analysis and evaluation of the significance of miRNA-221 in the diagnosis of bladder cancer.Results:Observed under the electron microscope,the exosomes with cup-shaped or elliptical vesicle-like structures extracted from the urine samples of patients was in the range of 30～150 nm.Fluorescence quantitative PCR detection found that the expression of miRNA-221 in bladder cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in non-cancer tissues,and the difference was statistically significant(bladder cancer tissue 5.155±2.764.VS non-cancer tissue 1.000±0.158,P<0.01).The expression of miRNA-221 in muscular invasive bladder cancer tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer tissue(8.030±2.181 VS 3.606±1.530 P<0.01).The expression level of miRNA-221 in urine exosomes is positively correlated with that in tumor tissues.r=0.654。There was no statistically significant difference in the expression level of urine exosome miRNA-221 in patients with bladder cancer of different infiltration depths(P=0.053>0.05)Conclusion:1.The expression of miRNA-221 in bladder cancer tissue was significantly increased,and the degree of increase was positively correlated with the depth of bladder cancer infiltration.2.The miRNA-221 in bladder cancer tissue has potential value as an auxiliary diagnostic indicator to judge the grade and malignancy of bladder cancer.3.The expression level of miRNA-221 in urine exosomes was positively correlated with the expression level of miRNA-221 in bladder cancer tissues.But it is not enough to judge the depth of tumor invasion.4.The miRNA-221 in urine exosomes has potential value as a biological indicator fornoninvasive diagnosis and postoperative follow-up of bladder cancer. |
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