Analysis On The Status And Influencing Factors Of Perceived Professional Benefits Of Nursing Students In The Middle And Later Stages Of Internship

BACKGROUNDIt is a global problem that nursing brain drain seriously,which brings a series of problems that affect the medical and health safety.Previous studies showed that a 10%increase in nurse turnover leaded to a 16.8%decrease in the quality of care.In order to reduce the outflow of nursing talents,It is not enough to focus only on the professional emotions of in-service nurses.As a reserve force for nursing careers,internship students also need to pay attention to their professional mentality.Nursing students perceive the benefits and gains of nursing from the perspective of positive psychology,which can generate positive cognitive evaluations of the nursing profession and identify that nursing profession can promote self-comprehensive growth thus form a "perceived professional benefits".The middle and late stage of internship is an important career stage in the transition from nursing students to nurses.Paying attention to their sense of occupational benefit and its influencing factors will be helpful for nursing students to form a good professional mentality in the early stage,and have some understanding of the "advantages" and "benefits" of nursing profession,so as to enhance their willingness to engage in nursing work This study can provide an important data supplement for understanding the professional benefit level of nursing students in this special period,and provide a new intervention perspective for the smooth transition from trainee nursing students to licensed nurses and persisting in nursing work.The relevant education departments can carry out intervention and education for this population according to the influencing factors investigated,so as to provide certain reference significance for solving the problem of nursing brain drain at present.OBJECTIVEThis paper adopts the research method of combining quantitative investigation and qualitative interview to analyze the status quo,changing characteristics and influencing factors of nursing students5 perceived professional benefits in the middle and late period of internship,so as to provide a new intervention perspective for nursing students persist in nursing work and to make a smooth transition to nurses,increase the employment rate in nursing field and reduce the loss of nursing talents.METHODSThis study was divided into two parts:1.A quantitative research on the perceived professional benefits of nursing studentsThe convenience sampling method was used to select 370 nursing students from a medical university in Zhaoqing from June 2018 to March 2019 as the research objects.The questionnaire on perceived professional benefits of nursing students,the self-concept questionnaire on nursing interms and the self-compiled general information questionnaire were used as the research tools.The status of perceived professional benefits,changing characteristics and influencing factors of nursing students during their intermships were investigated.The study was divided into three measurements and to increase comparability between different time periods,The data collected during the pre-internship period(the first month of clinical practice)is used as baseline data,and the professional benefits are measured in the mid-term(the fifth month of the internship)and late-term(the 10th month of the intermship),Perceived professional benefits,pressure levels and professional self-concept levels were measured respectively and performed statistical analysis.2.A qualitative study on the professional benefits of internship nursing studentsIn the way of semi-structured interview,the objective sampling method was adopted to select 20 qualified nursing students for interview in the middle and late period of internship,and the interview outline was designed by ourselves.The data were sorted out and analyzed by category analysis method.The purpose of the qualitative research was to explore the status of perceived professional benefits of nursing students.STATISTICS AND ANALYSIS1.Quantitative data:SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis.Frequency and percentage described the general information of nursing students.The mean ?standard deviation was used to describe perceived professional benefits score of nursing students.Repeat measure variance analysis were used to understand perceived professional benefits of nursing students in the baseline,middle and later stage of their internship.Pearson correlation analysis was used to understand the relationship between perceived professional benefits of nursing students and stress level as well as professional self-concept.Independent samplet test or one-way analysis of variance were used to perform intergroup comparison of general data,and multiple linear regression analysis was used to study the influencing factors of perceived professional benefits of nursing students.2.Qualitative data:transcript was transcribed within 24 hours after the interview,and Colaizzi*s phenomenological data analysis method was adopted,i.e?Listen carefully to the recording;? Analyze and extract meaningful contents;?Coding recurring ideas;? Summarize the views after coding;? Write a detailed description;?Identify similar points of view,refine the subject;?Ask the participants for the results again,sort out the interview manuscript,refine the topic,reflect the feelings of the interviewees,and strive to present the specific situation for the readers.RESULTS1.The results of quantitative research showed that:?The perceived professional benefits of nursing students in the baseline,middle and late stage of internship were 138.52±17.37,133.94±19.28,and 133.02±19.82,respectively.The total scores were compared F=11.214,P<0.001.? The results of single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the perceived professional benefits of nursing students in their education background,whether they were the only child,whether they chose nursing major voluntarily,and the average monthly income of their families(P<0.05).In the later stage of internship,the difference in the scores of perceived profession benefits of nursing students was statistically significant in terms of whether they were the only child or not and whether they chose nursing major voluntarily(P<0.05).?The correlation coefficients between perceived profession benefits and stress level of nursing students were r=0.365 and P<0.01 in the middle stage,and r=0.293 and P<0.01 in the later period.The correlation coefficients with nursing professional self-concept were r=0.501,P<0.01 in the middle stage,and r=0.494,P<0.01 in the later stage.? After stepwise regression analysis,the independent variables into the equation in the middle stage were nursing professional self-concept,pressure level,education,whether or not the only child,all of which were P<0.01,and the adjusted R2 was 0.348;The independent variables that entered the equation in the later stage were nursing professional self-concept,stress level,and single child or not,all of which were P<0.01,and the adjusted R2 was 0.325.2.Qualitative research results suggested that:the three themes extracted from the semi-structured interview about the status of perceived professional benefits of nursing students in the later stage were:The benefits of nursing profession were found;Team ownership perception of nurse;The emotional instability of nursing profession.CONCLUSION1.Compared with the baseline,the perceived professional benefits of nursing students in the intermship tends to decline with the time.2.In the middle and later stages of intermship,nursing students can truly perceive the perceived profession benefits of nursing profession,but there was still a low professional identity.Perceived professional benefits of nursing students was influenced by professional self-concept,stress levels,whether to choose the nursing profession voluntarily,whether or not the only child,educational background,family monthly income per capita,clinical teachers' quality and ability,the ability and care of head nurses,and other medical workers attitude,.There was a negative correlation between perceived profession benefits and stress level of nursing students;There was a positive correlation between perceived profession benefits and professional self-concept.The relevant education departments can carry out intervention and education for this population according to the influencing factors investigated,so as to provide certain reference significance for solving the problem of nursing brain drain at present.