Application Of Molecular Imprinting Technology In Blood Group Identification And Conversion

The transfusion reaction is an immune response caused by the blood type mismatch,which can lead to death.Accurate blood group identification is the premise of blood group matching.But in the case that blood type matching cannot be guaranteed,such as when a certain blood type blood,especially a rare blood type blood,is in short supply during emergency blood transfusion,in order to prevent the transfusion reaction,the blood group antigen should be removed or "shielded" to provide a substitute for the desired blood group cells,which is namely the blood group conversion.Therefore,the correct blood group identification and the elimination of immunogenicity of heterogeneous blood group are existing effective means to solve the problem.The routine method of identifying blood group is to observe whether the red blood cells agglutinate with the corresponding antibodies,but the blood group antibodies,especially the rare blood group antibodies,are very difficult to obtain,and the preservation and the transportation of the antibodies is highly cost,and the activity of antibodies is easily influenced by temperature,pH,etc.On the other hand,the use of polyethylene glycol and polydopamine to encapsulate red blood cells to eliminate the immunogenicity of red blood cells has been successful.This package can eliminate the immunogenicity of overall blood group antigens,but the "rigidity" of the package may affect the red blood cells to perform other physiological functions other than oxygen carrying,such as substance transport,signal reception,and so on.Objective: In order to break through the limitations of blood group identification and the chemical conversion of blood group,molecular imprinting technology was introduced to expect to realize the protein-free identification of blood group B and the specific conversion of blood group from B to O.Methods: This paper,based on the difference of only one glycosyl molecule between the antigenic determinant structure of group B antigen and A and O,successfully designed and synthesized molecularly imprinted microspheres and molecularly imprinted hydrogels that can recognize red cells with group B.The microspheres and the hydrogels could be applied on the blood group identification and conversion,respectively.Results: After adsorbing the molecularly imprinted microspheres,the glass fiber paper exhibited a specific adsorption on B-type red blood cells,while the adsorption on A-and O-type red blood cells was low,and it can also realize the trichromatic spectrum analysis by using a smart phone to identify the group of red blood cells.B-type red blood cells coated with molecularly imprinted hydrogels agglutinated weakly with B antibody,but red blood cells with group A still agglutinated apparently with A antibody.Conclusions: Results above indicated that the introduction of molecular imprinting technology successfully realized the protein-free identification of B-type red blood cells and the specific conversion of red blood cells from B to O.Due to the versatility of molecular imprinting technology,it was expected to apply this method to identification and conversion of other blood groups,which suggested the molecular imprinting technology would be prospective in clinical blood transfusion.