Study On The Relationship Between Nis Protein Expression And GLUT1?HK2 Related To Glycolysis In Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Objective:In recent years,the incidence of thyroid cancer(TC)has increased year by year and has become one of the most common endocrine tumors.Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the protein expression of NIS,GLUT1 and HK2 between papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)and adjacent normal tissue.The correlation among NIS protein expression,GLUT1 and HK2 protein expression were analyzed in papillary thyroid cancer and adjacent normal tissue.The relationship between the three protein expression and clinical and pathological data were also investigated.Methods:61 patients were selected in this study with pathological diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer after resection from November 2017 to September 2018,who were age from 12 to 69 years old,with an average age of 43.84±12.28 years old.61 cases of cancer tissue and 59 cases of adjacent normal tissue were selected.All the above specimens were evaluated by two qualified pathologists and diagnosed as papillary thyroid cancer and the patients had no preoperative treatment history including radiotherapy,chemotherapy and immunosuppressive therapy.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of NIS,GLUT1 and HK2 proteins in all the experimental samples.T-test statistics was used to compare the mean expression intensity of the three proteins in cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues.NIS proteins were divided into the high expression group(7.14±1.71)and the low expression group(7.88±1.23)based on the mean expression intensity of NIS proteins.The chi-square test was used to statistically analyze the relationship between the three proteins and clinical and pathological data.PBS was used as the negative control in the immunohistochemical experiment.H-Score scoring method was adopted as the immunohistochemical scoring standard which focused on staining intensity and staining area.Five visual fields were randomly selected for scoring under the field of 400 times the vision and the average of five scores was taken as the final score result of immunohistochemistry.Results:All the 61 samples in this experiment were pathological diagnosed as PTC.The paired sample t-test was used for statistical calculation and P<0.05 meant the difference was statistically significant.There were differences on the expression levels of NIS,GLUT1 and HK2 proteins between PTC cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissues,including NIS(7.19±1.70/7.90±1.21),GLUT1(9.00±1.94/7.39±1.31)and HK2(7.37±1.70/6.64±1.43),with t-values of-3.251,6.594 and 2.801(P<0.05),respectively.Independent sample t-test was used to statistically analyze the expression of GLUT1 and HK2 proteins of the high/low expression group of NIS,respectively,P<0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant.The results showed that HK2 expression in the high/low NIS protein expression group was significantly different in cancer tissues,with a t-value of 2.324(P<0.05).There was no significant difference among the GLUT1 expression,the t-value was-1.020(P>0.05).Meanwhile,the expression of NIS protein in cancer tissues was positively correlated with HK2,Pearson coefficient was 0.423(P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between NIS protein expression and GLUT1,Pearson coefficient was 0.127(P>0.05).In adjacent normal tissues,HK2 protein expression was also different in the high/low NIS protein expression group,with a t-value of 0.253(P<0.05).There is no apparent difference of GLUT1 expression.At the same time,there was no significant correlation between NIS protein expression and HK2 expression in the paracancerous tissues.The Pearson coefficient was 0.246(P>0.05).There was also no significant correlation between NIS protein expression and GLUT1,the Pearson coefficient was-0.133(P > 0.05).The chi-square test was used for statistical calculation of the three proteins and clinicopathological data,P<0.05 indicated that the difference was statistically significant.The results showed that the difference of NIS protein expression between the tumor size groups was statistically significant,the chi-square value was 4.128(P< 0.05),while the difference of GLUT1 and HK2 between the tumor size groups was not statistically significant,the chi-square value was 0.015/0.236(P>0.05).Among the other analyses,the difference of NIS,GLUT1 and HK2 expression has no statistical significance in age group,lymph node metastasis and tumor stage.Conclusions:There were statistically significant difference on the expression of NIS,GLUT1 and HK2 proteins between cancer tissues and the adjacent tissues.Secondly,in cancer tissues,HK2 protein expression was significantly different in the high/low NIS protein expression group,and there was a significant correlation between the two groups.On the contrary,there is no significant difference of the expression of GLUT1 protein among the high/low expression groups of NIS protein.In the adjacent tissues,HK2 expression was also found to be different in the high/low NIS protein expression group,but there was no significant correlation.There was no significant difference of GLUT1 protein expression among the groups of high/low NIS protein expression and no correlation.Finally,based on the analysis of the three proteins and relevant clinical and pathological data,we found that the expression difference of NIS protein in the tumor large/small group was statistically significant,while the expression difference of the other two proteins was not statistically significant.There was no statistical significance between the expression of NIS,GLUT1 and HK2 proteins in age,lymph node metastasis,tumor and TNM stage groups.