| Part 1Objectives:To determine the effects of air pollutants on the prevalence of eczema by exploring relationship between air pollutants and outpatient visits for eczema,and the sensitivity of different seasons,gender,and age groups to air pollutants in Lanzhou,China.Methods:Data of daily eczema outpatient visits in two hospitals,concentrations of major air pollutants(PM2.5,PM10,SO2,and NO2)and meteorological variables during the period from 2013.1.1 to 2016.12.31 in Lanzhou were collected.We used a distributed lag nonlinear model?DLNM?to analyze the lag and cumulative effect of air pollutants on the outpatient visits,based on the control of long-term trends and“day-of-week”effects.Results:During the study period,the average daily patient visits were40.38±14.93 cases of eczema.The average concentrations of PM2.5,PM10,SO2,and NO2 were 57.67?g/m3,129.75?g/m3,24.20?g/m3,and 45.82?g/m3,respectively.The Spearman's correlations analysis showed that eczema daily outpatients visits were positively correlated with air pollutants and wind speed,and negatively correlated with air pressure,relative humidity,and precipitation?P<0.05?.The analysis of DLNM shows no significant correlation between daily average air pollutants concentrations and the number of visits for eczema.After stratifying based on seasons,a 10?g/m3 increase of daily concentrations of PM2.5.5 and SO2 in summer were associated with 6.12%?95%CI:1.0032-1.1225?and 11.84%?95%CI:1.0026-1.2476?increase in eczema outpatient visits in lag1d.After stratifying the patients according to gender,an increase of 10?g/m3 in PM2.5.5 and NO2 were significantly associated with the percentage increase of 0.81%?95%CI:1.0004-1.0174?and 2.90%?95%CI:1.0000-1.0589?in lag1d for female hospital outpatient visits,respectively.After stratifying depending on age,A 10?g/m3 increase of daily concentrations of PM2.5.5 and NO2 were associated with 0.99%?95%CI:1.0000-1.0198?and 3.37%?95%CI:1.0020-1.0665?increase in below 18 years old patients in lag1d;and the number of outpatient attendances of above 65 years old patients increased 2.12%?95%CI:1.0045-1.0383?and 1.11%?95%CI:1.0041-1.0180?with the increase of 10?g/m3PM2.5.5 and PM10.Conclusion:The major air pollutants in Lanzhou affected the frequency of outpatient visits for eczema,and outpatient visits varied by different air pollutants,seasons,gender and the age of the eczema patient.Part 2Objectives:To explore the risk factors of infantile eczema,and assess the effect of concentration of benzo[a]pyrene in breast milk on the prevalence of infantile eczema in Lanzhou,China.Methods:Infants with or without eczema who visited the First Hospital of Lanzhou University were recruited after June,2018.Parents were required to complete a questionnaire to collect the basic information and provide maternal breast milk.The concentration of benzo[a]pyrene in breast milk was measured by high performance liquid chromatography.All of the measurement data were analyzed with independent T-test and the enumeration data were analyzed with chi-square test or Fisher's exact test,and binary logistic analysis was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The average age of infantile eczema group?20 cases?and control group?20 cases?were 4.68±2.55 months and 3.56±1.76 months,respectively.Most skin rash of infantile eczema were located in the face and head,and erythema and papule were the common rash forms.The results of single factor analysis showed that tobacco smoking environment,mother suffers from allergic disease,and living near by heavy traffic road affected the prevalence of infantile eczema?P<0.05?,and there was no association between infantile eczema and mother's diets?P>0.05?.Binary logistic analysis revealed that mother suffers from allergic disease and living near by heavy traffic road were the risk factors of infantile eczema?P<0.05?.The concentration of benzo[a]pyrene in breast milk were 0.457±0.436ng/mL and 0.211±0.286ng/mL in the group of infantile eczema and control?P=0.042?.The relationship between benzo[a]pyrene in breast milk and tobacco smoking environment,mother's diets or living environment showed no difference?P>0.05?.Conclusion:The risk factors of infantile eczema included mother suffers from allergic disease,living near by heavy traffic road and high concentration of benzo[a]pyrene in breast milk. |
PDF Full Text Request