Screening And Identification Of MiRNAs In The Latent And Active Tuberculosis Tibetan Patients Living In High Altitude Of Qinghai

Objective: To study the differences of the expression levels of miRNAs in blood between the Tibetan tuberculosis latent period and active period patients and the healthy control group in the high-altitude area above 3000 m of Qinghai province,and to screen out and identify the differentially expressed miRNAs in the latent and active period of Tibetan tuberculosis patients.Methods: We collected whole blood samples included the tuberculosis patients n=50 and latent infection cases n=48 and cases of healthy group n=50,respectively,from the Qinghai University Hospital,and Qinghai Infectious Hospital during October 2018 to March 2017,After the PAXgene ? Blood miRNAs Kit were applied to extraction of miRNAs retrovirus for cDNA by Human miFinder miscript miRNA PCR Array for real qRT-PCR to detect the expression of miRNAs.Comparative analysis was conducted among each group to screen out differentially expressed mirnas and identify them.Results: The results of the comparison between the groups of Qinghai high-altitude tibetans were as follows: 1.The comparison between the active tuberculosis patients group and the healthy control group: down-regulated miR-181a-5p(FC=0.1874,p =0.0001),let-7b-5p(FC=0.007,p =0.0086),and up-regulated miR-23b-3p(FC=3.3303,p =0.0483),which was statistically significant.2.Comparison between the preclinical tuberculosis patients group and the healthy control group: up-regulated miR-23a-3p(FC=12.0345,p =0.0426),miR-150-5p(FC=17.29,p =0.0382)and down-regulated miR-181a-5p(FC=0.2243,p =0.0057)were statistically significant.3.Comparison between active and latent tuberculosis groups: miR-144-3p(FC=0.13)was up-regulated and miR-124-3p(FC=3.16)was down-regulated,p > 0.05 was not statistically significant.Conclusions: 1.miR-181a-5p was low in both the active phase group and the latent tuberculosis infection group,suggesting that miR-181a-5p could be used as a biomarker for tuberculosis infection.2.miR-23b-3p was highly expressed in the high-altitude active tuberculosis group,suggesting that it could be used as a molecular marker for active tuberculosis.3.High expression of miR-150-5p and miR-26a-5p in the plateau tuberculosis latent infection group suggested that miR-150-5p could be used as a molecular marker for plateau latent tuberculosis infection.