The Role Of Inverse Opal Micro-nano Topological Structures To The Self-renewal And Differentiation Of Neural Stem Cells

In the field of nerve tissue engineering the understanding of the interactions between the materials and the nerve cells is beneficial to better manipulation of the cellular behaviors and facilitates nerve repairs and regenerations.The interaction between the micro-nano topological structures is one of the research key points in the field of biological materials.The materials' physical and chemical properties can play important regulation function on the cells' behaviors,thus further affecting such cellular behaviors and functions as cell adhesion,proliferation,migration and differentiation.Currently,the methods for altering the materials' surface physical structures include self-assembled technology,electrochemical anodic oxidation technology,electron beam etching and nano-imprint lithography,etc.The application of artificially constructed nano topological structures in vitro culture not only can simulate extracellular matrix and provide the cells with skeleton support,and can also actively regulate the cellular behaviors by regulating the nano topological structures,such as guiding the cell proliferations and differentiations.As a kind of cellular type with multiple differentiation potentials,Neural Stem Cell,NSC plays an extremely important role in the field of nerve repair and regeneration.Nerve generation is a systematic organic process and the formation of mature nerve cells must be subject to selfrenewal,proliferation,differentiation and survival.Maintaining the proliferative activity of the nerve stem cells is a key step in the regeneration of hippocampal nerve.In vitro,nerve stem cells can be differentiated into neurons,astrocytes and less oligodendrocytes,and play an important role in neural development and the repairing of damaged nerve tissues.In this research,nerve stem cells are used as the model and,using the self-assembly of silicon dioxide nanoparticles,opal templates are formed;then,using the inverse opal templates,the inverse opal structures are prepared.By conducting stretching of different multiples of the inverse opal structures,it is possible to derive a structure with porous mesh characteristics.The inverse opal and its stretched structures are used as the culture bases,and research is conducted on its regulation of the proliferative and differentiation behaviors of the nerve stem cells.At the same time,this structure can support the neural stem cells to differentiate into neurons.Compared with the control group,the inverse opal structures and its stretching structure can promote the development of neural stem cells,and have a positive correlation with the stretching ratio.Our research provides the regulation function of the nano topological structures on the nerve stem cells with a foundation,thus laying a certain experimental foundation for regulating the stem cells' proliferation and differentiations and further conducting the nerve stem cell therapy in the future using the relevant techniques and materials.